general gyanae

Question 1

examples of muscarinic antagonists used in urinary incontinence

Answer 1

• Tolterodine
• oxybutynin
• solifenacin

Question 2

First line treatment for infertility in PCOS

Answer 2

Infertility in PCOS - clomifene is typically used first-line

Question 3

For patients with uterine fibroids, …..may reduce the size of the fibroid but are typically useful for short-term treatment

Answer 3

For patients with uterine fibroids, GnRH agonists may reduce the size of the fibroid but are typically useful for short-term treatment

Question 4

Termination of pregnancy: Urine pregnancy test often remains positive for up to…following termination. A positive test beyond… indicates incomplete abortion or persistent trophoblast

Answer 4

Termination of pregnancy: Urine pregnancy test often remains positive for up to 4 weeks following termination. A positive test beyond 4 weeks indicates incomplete abortion or persistent trophoblast

Question 5

What is the mechanism of oxybutynin?

Answer 5

The contraction of the detrusor muscle is controlled by muscarinic cholinergic receptors, with oxybutynin being a direct antimuscarinic agent

Question 6

what alternate drug can be used for urge incontincence in elderly?

Answer 6

mirabegron (a beta-3 agonist) may be useful if there is concern about anticholinergic side-effects in frail elderly patients

Question 7

oxybutin is contraindicated in which group of patients?

Answer 7

Oxybutynin should not be used in the frail elderly population due to increased risk of falls