General GI info Flashcards
1
Q
Mouth
A
Salivary glands, teeth, tongue, & pharynx
2
Q
Throat
A
Pharynx, esophagus, hiatus
3
Q
Stomach
A
Gastroesophageal sphincter, pylorus, pyloric sphincter to intestines
4
Q
Small Intestine
A
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
5
Q
Large Intestine
A
Cecum, Colon, rectum, & anus
6
Q
Mechanical Digestion
A
Food is broken down by chewing and churning of the stomach
7
Q
Chemical Digestion
A
Food is broken down by enzymes and digestive juices
8
Q
Protease
A
Breaks down proteins
9
Q
Lipase
A
Breaks down lipids
10
Q
Amylase
A
Breaks carbs down into glucose
11
Q
Esophagus
A
Carries food and liquid from the mouth to the stomach using peristalsis
12
Q
Stomach
A
- Stores food, secretes digestive fluids
- Moves chyme (partially digested food) into the small intestine
13
Q
Small Intestine
A
- Longest portion
- Digests food from the stomach
- Absorbs nutrients, fats, carbs, vitamins, minerals, & water
14
Q
Large Intestine
A
- Water is absorbed completely
- Stool forms and is pushed toward the rectum
15
Q
Liver
A
- Filters blood
- Metabolizes sugar, proteins, fats, & medications
- Synthesizes lipoproteins
- Makes vitamin D
- Detoxifies/Excretes bilirubin
- Forms Bile
- Helps in blood clotting
- Synthesizes proteins (albumin and coag factors)
16
Q
Pancreas
A
- Makes enzymes to break down sugar, fat, & starch
- Both endocrine and exocrine function
- Produces insulin, glucagon, & somatostatin
17
Q
Gallbladder
A
Stores and concentrates bile which is produced in the liver
