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Chemistry > General Facts > Flashcards

General Facts Flashcards

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1
Q

What elements are added in a hydration reaction?

A

H₂O

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2
Q

What elements are added in a hydrogenation reaction?

A

H

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3
Q

What elements are added in a hydrogen halide reaction?

A

Hydrogen plus a halogen, eg. +HBr

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4
Q

What elements are added in a halogenation reaction?

A

A halogen, eg. +Br₂

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5
Q

What is made in a hydrogenation reaction?

A

An alkane from an alkene.

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6
Q

What is made in a hydration reaction with an alkane?

A

An alcohol

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7
Q

Haber process catalyst

A

Iron

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8
Q

Haber process product

A

Ammonia

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9
Q

Ostwald process catalyst

A

Platinum

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10
Q

Ostwald process product

A

Nitric acid

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11
Q

Cause of acid rain

A

Gases like CO₂ which form acids

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12
Q

Metal carbonates + acid

A

Salt + H₂O + CO₂

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13
Q

Metal oxides + acid

A

Salt + H₂O

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14
Q

Which metals react directly with acids?

A

Group 1, Mg and Ca

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15
Q

Alkali metal + acids

A

Salt + H₂O + H₂

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16
Q

Non-metal oxide + water

A

Acid

17
Q

Examples of non-metal oxides

A

NO₂, CO₂ and SO₂

18
Q

Hydrochloric acid formula

A

HCl

19
Q

Sulphuric acid formula

A

H₂SO₄

20
Q

Nitric acid formula

A

HNO₃

21
Q

Ions in acids

A

H+

22
Q

Ions in alkalis

A

OH⁻

23
Q

What are the elements essential for plant growth?

A

N, P and K

24
Q

How do you convert to degrees Kelvin?

A

add 273

25
Q

How does the length of a hydrocarbon relate to solubility?

A

Shorter = more soluble

26
Q

What sort of particle is alpha (α) radiation?

A

A Helium-4 nucleus

27
Q

What sort of particle is beta (β) radiation?

A

An electron, ejected from the nucleus

28
Q

Charge on an alpha particle

A

+2

29
Q

Why is Cl smaller than Na?

A

Cl has a greater nuclear charge > attraction to the outer electrons is greater.

30
Q

Why is Li smaller than K?

A

Shielding/screening effect

31
Q

What is the first ionisation reaction of Sodium?

A

Na (g) > Na⁺(g) + e⁻

32
Q

What is the first ionisation of Oxygen?

A

O(g) > O⁺(g) + e⁻

33
Q

Why is the second ionisation energy greater than the first?

A

More p:e > more energy holding electrons

Chemistry (6 decks)

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