General Endocrinology Flashcards
Which of the following hormones is responsible for "fight or flight?" A. Estrogen and testosterone B. FSH and LH C. Epinephrine and norepinephrine D. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
C. Epinephrine and norepinephrine
The hormones responsible for blood calcium levels are:
A. calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
B. estrogen and progesterone
C. melatonin and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D. thyroxine and parathyroid hormone
A. calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
Which of the following is the master gland of the body? A. Thyroid gland B. Adrenal gland C. Pineal gland D. Pituitary gland
D. Pituitary gland
What hormone is responsible for male secondary sex characteristics? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Testosterone D. Adrenaline
C. Testosterone
The patient received 131-I yesterday in an attempt to slow the progression of her hyperthyroid condition. For which personnel would participating in her direct bedside care be dangerous?
A. A 19-year-old first-semester nursing student
B. A 34 year-old staff nurse who is new to the unit
C. A 22 year-old aide who is 6 weeks pregnant
D. A 49 year-old RN just returning from sick leave
C. A 22 year-old aide who is 6 weeks pregnant
A 35 year old patient had a total thyroidectomy. The first night she experienced signs and symptoms of postoperative tetany. The nurse should implement the physician's order and immediately administer: A. Sodium iodide PO B. Potassium chloride IV C. Magnesium sulfate IM D. Calcium gluconate IV
D. Calcium gluconate IV
A 47 year-old mother of three had cranial surgery to remove a pituitary tumor 3 days ago, leaving her with partial left hemiparesis and diabetes insipidus. Which nursing diagnosis is of the greatest priority postoperatively:
A. Risk for deficient fluid volume, related to excessive loss via the urinary system.
B. Hopelessness related to development of chronic illness (hemiparesis and diabetes insipidus)
C. Risk for impaired oral mucous membrane, related to dehydration.
D. Coping, ineffective family: compromised, risk for, related to chronic illness.
A. Risk for deficient fluid volume, related to excessive loss via the urinary system.
What are two conditions related to inappropriate amounts (either too high or too low) of ADH? A. Addison's B. Diabetes Insipidus C. Cushing's D. SIADH
B. Diabetes Insipidus (ADH is low)
D. SIADH (ADH is too high)
Which lab value is consistent with SIADH? A. Serum sodium of 125 mEq/L B. Serum osmolality of 310 mOsm/L C. Glucose in the urine D. Low urine osmolality
A. Serum sodium of 125 mEq/L
What is the treatment priority for diabetes insipidus? A. Fluid restriction of 1800 mL/Day B. Insulin 10 units IV push C. NS 1 liter IV D. Furosemide 40 mg PO
C. NS 1 liter IV
Rationale: pt is severely dehydrated D/T high urinary output.
A male patient, age 68, is admitted with a temperature of 101.1 degrees F, poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. He is lethargic and labs show glycosuria. What condition do you expect this patient to have?
A. Diabetes Insipidus
B. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
C. Hypoglycemic reaction
D. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketonic coma
D. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketonic coma
The nurse is assessing a client after a thyroidectomy. The assessment reveals muscle twitching and tingling, along with numbness in the fingers, toes, and mouth area. The nurse should suspect which complication? A. Tetany B. Hemorrhage C. Thyroid storm D. Hyperthroidism
A. Tetany
A female patient, age 35, complains that she has gained 15 pounds in the last 2 years. She has tried to exercise but tires easily. She also complains of heavy menstruation cycles and constipation. What condition would you suspect this woman to have? A. Cushing's B. Diabetes type II C. Hypothyroidism D. Hyperthyroidism
C. Hypothyroidism
When instructing a patient on proper diet for her hyperthyroid condition, the nurse stresses the importance of which of the following?
A. Low calorie, Low carbohydrate, High fiber, Increased fluid
B. High potassium, High protein, avoid stimulants (ie. coffee, tea, and cola)
C. High calorie, vitamin and mineral supplement and carbohydrates.
D. High carbohydrate, High fat, High proteins
C. High calorie, vitamin and mineral supplement and carbohydrates.
Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a female client with hyperthyroidism?
A. Risk for imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
B. Risk for impaired skin integrity related to edema, skin fragility, and poor wound healing
C. Body image disturbance related to weight gain and edema
D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
What are three possible post surgical complications of thyroidectomy? (Select all that apply) A. Hypercalcemia B. Thyroid storm C. Hypothyroidism D. Tetany E. Postural hypotension
B. Thyroid storm
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Tetany
Mrs. Thomas is 8 hours post-op from a thyroidectomy. She now has a HR of 110, Temp of 102 F and is vomiting. Which of the following are appropriate treatments: (select all)
A. IV Fluids, Sodium iodide and Oxygen
B. PTU, Methemazole, Antipyretics and corticosteroids
C. IV Fluids, Levothyroxine, Vitamin D
D. IV Fluids, and Radioactive iodine abalation therapy
E. A and B
E. A and B
IV fluids, Sodium iodide, Oxygen, PTU, Methemazole, Antipyretics and Corticosteroids
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a male client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should include information about which hormone lacking in clients with diabetes insipidus? A. antidiuretic hormone (ADH). B. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). C. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). D. luteinizing hormone (LH).
A. antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
A female male client with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse about getting a prescription for glucophage (Metformin). The nurse explains that this medications is only effective if the client:
A. has diabetes insipidus
B. has type 2 diabetes
C. has type 1 diabetes.
D. is pregnant and has gestational diabetes.
B. has type 2 diabetes
A female adult client with a history of chronic hyperparathyroidism admits to being noncompliant. Based on initial assessment findings, nurse Julia formulates the nursing diagnosis of Risk for injury. To complete the nursing diagnosis statement for this client, which “related-to” phrase should the nurse add?
A. Related to bone demineralization resulting in pathologic fractures
B. Related to exhaustion secondary to an accelerated metabolic rate
C. Related to edema and dry skin secondary to fluid infiltration into the interstitial spaces
D. Related to tetany secondary to a decreased serum calcium level
D. Related to tetany secondary to a decreased serum calcium level
Hypoparathyroidism occurs when there is decreased PTH resulting in decreased levels of serum calcium.
A male client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
A. Infusing I.V. fluids rapidly as ordered
B. Encouraging increased oral intake
C. Restricting fluids
D. Administering glucose-containing I.V. fluids as ordered
C. Restricting fluids
A chemical messenger, which travels throughout the bloodstream to its target organ, is known as a(n): A. Exocrine gland B. Endocrine gland C. Hormone D. Negative feedback system
C. Hormone
The "master gland" which exerts control over the other glands is the: A. Pituitary gland B. Pancreas C. Thyroid gland D. Adrenal gland
A. Pituitary gland
The disorder caused by secretion of insufficient amounts of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is called:
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Diabetes Mellitus
C. Diabetes Insipidus
D. Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)
C. Diabetes Insipidus