General Elements of Criminal Liability

Question 1

When a Person’s contract requires him to act

Answer 1

Pittwood

Question 2

Where a person’s public position requires them to act

Answer 2

Dytham

Question 3

Where a person fails to minimise the harmful consequences of their actions

Answer 3

Miller

Question 4

Where a person voluntarily assumes a duty

Answer 4

Stone & Dobinson

Question 5

Where there is a duty due to a relationship

Answer 5

Gibbins & Proctor

Question 6

Offence by virtue of a state of affairs

Answer 6

Larsonneur

Question 7

Voluntary or Involuntary actus reus

Answer 7

Hill v Baxter

Question 8

But for test

Answer 8

R v White

Question 9

More than a minimal cause

Answer 9

R v Smith

Question 10

Refusal of medical care/ Thin skull rule

Answer 10

R v Blaue

Question 11

Novus Actus Interveniens - Medical (works)

Answer 11

R v Jordan

Question 12

Novus Actus Interveniens - (Medical didnt work)

Answer 12

R v Cheshire

Question 13

Victims Own Act (Reasonably foreseeable)

Answer 13

Roberts

Question 14

No medical treatment

Answer 14

R v Dear

Question 15

Intent - Aim, Purpose, Desire

Answer 15

R v Mohan

Question 16

Indirect Intent

Answer 16

R v Woollin

Question 17

Recklessness

Answer 17

Cunningham

Question 18

Transferred Malice

Answer 18

Mitchell

Question 19

Continuing act

Answer 19

Thabo Meli