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DT > general DT > Flashcards

general DT Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of intellectual property?

A
  • patent
  • registered design
  • trade mark
  • copy right
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2
Q

Which IP can be applied to new, previously undisclosed designs and how long does it last?

A
  • Patent
  • lasts 20 years if annual fees are paid
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3
Q

What IP protects the way a product looks and how long does it last?

A
  • Registered design
  • lasts 3 years un-registered, 25 years registered (renewed every 5 years)
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4
Q

What IP protects a distinctive design (name, logo, colours shapes etc) and how long does it last?

A
  • Trademark (R)
  • registered for 10 years (renewed every 10 years)
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5
Q

What IP protects the expression of an idea, not the idea itself and how long does it last?

A
  • Copyright (C)
  • automatic right lasting 70 years after the death of the author
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6
Q

What are the 4 stages of the product life cycle and what are their characteristics?

A

INTRODUCTION - Low profit, investing in advertising
GROWTH - Sales increase, costs still high but profits increase
MATURITY - Sales and profit at their highest, market is saturated
DECLINE - sales begin to decrease

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7
Q

Define “incremental development”

A

Extending the life of a product by making small changes to it in hopes of increasing profit again with another ‘growth’ period

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8
Q

Define “project management”

A

The process of leading a the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraint

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9
Q

Define the term “critical path”

A

The most important points in the products development that must be met in order to meet deadlines

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10
Q

What are the 4 plastic processes?

A
  • blow moulding
  • extrusion
  • injection moulding
  • vacuum forming
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11
Q

Describe the process of blow moulding

A
  • plastic pellets melted down
  • molten plastic extruded through DIE to create a PARISON
  • mould clamped around PARISON
  • compressed air pushes through BLOWPIN inserted into mould, presses plastic to the mould
  • mould cooled and product is released
  • product trimmed
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12
Q

What products are blow moulding used for?

A

plastic bottles (for drinks, cleaning supplies etc) and watering cans

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13
Q

Describe the process of extrusion

A
  • plastic pellets dropped from HOPPER into BARREL
  • the ARCHIMEDES SCREW (driven by screw motor) transports the plastic through the barrel where external heaters and friction melt the plastic
  • molten plastic forced through the DIE at the end of the barrel and cut into lengths
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14
Q

Describe the process of vacuum forming

A
  • plastic sheet heated to become flexible
  • air blown upward into plastic to stretch it
  • mould is pushed up into the plastic
  • the air is vacuumed from under the plastic, forcing it into the shape of the form
  • plastic is cooled, released and trimmed
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15
Q

What are the 5 stages of a risk assessment?

A
  • identify hazard
  • who might be harmed and how
  • evaluate potential for risk
  • record
  • review as details change
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16
Q

Why do a risk assessment?

A
  • safer work environment
  • employer doesn’t get sued
  • reduced staff absence
  • better moral at work therefor higher productivity
17
Q

What are 3 negatives of fossil fuels?

A
  • produces greenhouse gas
  • non renewable
  • air pollution
18
Q

What are 3 positives of fossil fuels?

A
  • reliable
  • relatively low cost
  • readily available
19
Q

What are 3 negatives of nuclear fuels?

A
  • high initial cost to build
  • nuclear waste is damaging
  • can be dangerous (Chernobyl)
20
Q

What are 2 positives of nuclear fuels?

A
  • no CO2 is produced
  • reliable
21
Q

What are 2 positives of solar energy?

A
  • environmentally friendly (no CO2)
  • relatively inexpensive
22
Q

What are 2 negatives of solar energy?

A
  • unreliable (especially where it is not always sunny)
  • takes up a lot of space
23
Q

What are 2 positives of hydro energy?

A
  • environmentally friendly (renewable)
  • controllable
24
Q

What are 2 negatives of hydro energy?

A
  • harmful to wildlife
  • expensive to build
25
Q

What are 2 positives of wind energy?

A
  • environmentally friendly
  • renewable
26
Q

What are 2 negatives of wind energy?

A
  • unreliable (not always strong winds)
  • many do not like the look
27
Q

Define a progressive bundle

A

production is progressed through a manufacturing line each person manufacturing a stage of the process

28
Q

what are the positives and negatives of a progressive bundle?

A

pro
- each person becomes highly skilled at their task, becoming fast and accurate

con
- requires a large workforce
- each person may not see the ‘bigger picture’

29
Q

Define cell production

A

a group of people focus on one aspect of the manufacture of a product before passing it on to the next group

30
Q

What are the positives and negatives of cell production?

A

pro
- people become skilled in their task
- working as a team (cell) to improve quality

con
- must be highly accurate for final assembly of a product

31
Q

Define ‘total quality manufacturing’

A

all members of the organization contribute towards ensuring a high-quality product and improvements in manufacturing techniques

32
Q

Define ‘product champion’

A

individual with passion and belief in a product. They are prepared to ‘champion’ the product and ensure it is at the forefront of the minds of investors, business leaders financers and developers

33
Q

Define entrepreneur

A

someone with drive to take risks in order to solve business/consumer problems. they have foresight for a product and persuade others to finance it.

34
Q

What are the benefits of flat pack furniture?

A
  • space saving (environmentally friendly)
  • easier to transport with minimal damage
  • reduced manufacturing costs
35
Q

What are the negatives of flat pack furniture?

A
  • can weaken over time (bad for the environment)
  • some find assembly difficult
  • pieces can be easily lost
36
Q

What are the stages of making cellulose-based board?

A
  • trees felled
  • debarked and chipped
  • broken down with ACETIC ACID (lignin bond broken down to make pulp)
  • pulp bleached
  • internal sizing agent/fillers (alters properties)
  • passed through rollers (smooths and dries)
  • external sizing agent (for surface quality)

DT (2 decks)

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