General Diagnostic Tests Flashcards
How do CT scans take pictures ?
In Slices (layers)
CT scans can be done with or without what ?
Dye
What do you want to do Pre-procedure for someone getting a CT scan ?
Check for allergies to iodine or shellfish
Do you need a written consent for Dye ?
yes
What does a client getting a CT scan need to do during the procedure ?
Keep head still & no talking
During a CT scan what will be placed on the head of the client and why ?
Velco strap on the forehead
to immobilize and remind the client to keep the head still
Clients receiving a CT scan may become Claustrophobic and therefore what should you make sure to do to keep the client more at ease ?
Make sure the client knows they can talk and hear others while in the tube
What do you want to do Post-procedure for a client who just had a CT scan ?
Instruct the client about signs of iodine allergy (n/v, sneezing, itching, hives) within the first few hours after a CT scan
What are signs of an Iodine allergy ?
- N/V
- Sneezing
- Itching
- Hives
Which diagnostic test picks up on pathology earlier than a CT scan ?
MRI
What are 2 different types of MRI machines ?
- Small MRI tubes
- Open MRI machine
MRI’s use ___________ ?
Magnets
Because MRI’s use Magnets, what should be avoided ?
- No jewelry
- No Credit cards
- No Pacemakers
What do you want to find out Pre-procedure from someone getting an MRI ?
- Find out if the client has old tattoos B/C they may contain lead
- Veterans ?
True or False:
Veterans could have shrapnel from IED’s/bombs
True
Clients receiving an MRI scan may become Claustrophobic and therefore what should you make sure to do to keep the client more at ease ?
Make sure the client knows that they can talk and hear others while they are in the tube
During an MRI what must you tell the clients they have to do ?
Must lie still
What do you want to explain to clients that they might hear, that might help to relieve their anxiety ?
A thumping sound
With an MRI there is no __________ time, unless they were given a medication to relax ?
Recovery
What can a client Post MRI procedure resume ?
Can resume there normal diet, activity, and medications
What does PET scan stand for ?
Positron Emission Tomography
What is the description of a PET scan ?
Nuclear image test to view parts of the brain (or any organ) as it’s working
PET scans are useful in diagnosing what ?
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Brain tumors
- CVA (stroke)
- Parkinson’s disease
- Aspects associated with mental illness
What is required pre-procedure for a PET scan ?
Informed consent required
What must clients do During a PET scan procedure ?
The client must inhale a radioactive gas or be injected with a radioactive substance
Post-procedure who can the client not have contact with and why ?
- No contact with infants, children, or pregnant women for 24 hours
- D/t possible radiation exposure
Post-procedure of a PET scan, what do you want to inform clients of that they may experience with the inhalation of radioactive gas ?
Tell the client that may have…
- Dizziness
- Lightheadedness
- Headache
What is the Description of a Cerebralangiography ?
Series of timed x-rays of the cerebral circulation using dye
- They go through the femoral or brachial artery (like a heart cath!)
With a Cerebroangiography, where do they go in through ?
The Femoral or Brachial artery (like a heart cath!)
With a Cerebralangiography, what things do you want to do pre-procedure ?
- Check for allergies to iodine or shellfish
- Informed consent required!
- Monitor BUN/Creatinine
- Monitor UOP
- Hold Metformin
- Baseline neuro assessment
- Check peripheral pulse for basline
- Just like a heart cath and insertions site should be prepared
- Maintain hydration pre & post procedure
(b/c only way to get rid of iodine based dye = through the kidneys)
For a client receiving a Cerebralangiography, what do you want to explain to them that they will experience during the procedure ?
Explain that they will experience facial flushing and a metallic taste in their mouth when the dye is injected
What things do you want to do post-procedure for a client who just had a Cerebralangiopraphy ?
- Monitor BUN/Creatinine
- Monitor UOP
- Maintain hydration
- Monitor peripheral pulses
- Bed rest for about 4-6 hours (remember care of the heart cath client)
- Monitor for complications –> bleeding/hemorrhage
(The PHP is usually going through the femoral artery) - Monitor for complications (continued) –> Embolus to the brain
–> Monitor for change in LOC, one-sided weakness and paralysis, motor and sensory deficits
What does an EEG stand for ?
Electroencephalography
What is the description of an EEG (Electroencephalography) ?
Records electrical brain activity
EEG’s are diagnostic for what types of things ?
- Seizure disorders (seizure type)
- Sleep disorders (narcolepsy)
- Cerebral infarct
- Brain tumors
- Abscesses
- Evaluate loss of consciousness and dementia
- Screening for coma
- An indicator for brain death
What things do you want to do pre-procedure for an EEG ?
- Hold sedatives & stimulants (including caffeine)
- Do not want to increase or decrease electricity in the brain
- NOT NPO –> do not want blood sugar to drop b/c it could affect brain electricity
Why do you NOT want client to be NPO before an EEG ?
B/c you do not want the blood sugar to drop because it could affect brain electricity
What do you want to do during and EEG procedure ?
Baseline EEG with client lying quietly
Is there a recovery time after a EEG procedure ?
NO!
