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Dermatology > General Dermatology > Flashcards

General Dermatology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

MAGIC

Mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage syndrome

A

behcets disease and relapsing polychondritis

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2
Q

Workup for hirsutism, acne, irregular periods

A

LH, FSH, DHEA-S, testosterone

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3
Q

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma

A

IgG kappa monoclonal gammopathy

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4
Q

Most common digital manifestation of SLE

A

Raynauds

in up to 30% of patients

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5
Q

Drug induced pemphigus

A

peniciliamine- most frequent
thiol-containing drugs: captopril, thiopronine

Disulfide bonds: gold, pyritinol

Enalapril
Sulfur moieties: PCN, cephalosporins

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6
Q

Flag Sign

A

inadequate nutrition causes pale hair

Kwasikor

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7
Q

Lofgren’ syndrome

A

erythema nodosum, b/l hilar lymphadenopathy, uveitis and arthritis in patients with sarcoidosis

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8
Q

Heerfordt syndrome

A

uveoparotid syndrome in patients who have sarcoidosis with CNS involvement

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9
Q

Arsenic

A

mottle hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, palms with hyperkeratosis, NMSC

Arsenical keratoses: symmetric, yellow, punctate

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10
Q

DLE

A

scarring, atrophy, follicular plugging, scaling

Children with DLE have a higher incident of developing SLE
Should be screened with ANA and anti-DNA antibodies

Can effect the palms and soles; anogenital mucosa

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11
Q

Wong Dermatomyositis

A

erythematous hyperkeratotic follicular papules which looks like PRP

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12
Q

Drug induced BP

A

Lasix
Sulfasalazine
Captopril, gold, penicilliamine
DPP-4 -gliptin

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13
Q

EED

A

Associated with HIV, betahemolytic strep, hepatitis, TB

IgA gammopathy
Autoimmune: RA, IBD, lupus

HIV infection causes immune deposition in the BV

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14
Q

pyogenic granuloma triggers

A

pregnancy

Drug: HIV protease inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, acitretin, docetaxel, capecitabine, Rituxan, isotretinoin

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15
Q

Hereditary angioedema

A

autosomal dominant
Type 1, II of C1NH (SERPING1) gene on chromosome 11 which code for C1 inhibitor
Type3: F12 gene on chromosome 12 –factor 7

C1q -WNL
C4 low
C3 is normal
Bradykinin is elevated

Type 1: low antigenic and functional levels of normal C1 esterase–excessive kallikren, produces bradyknin
Type 2: normal or elevated level of C1esterase inhibitor which results in low C4 due to continuous activation of cmplement components
Type 3:

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16
Q

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

A

inherited disorder of An absorption

acral dermatitis, diarrhea, alopecia

Alk phos–monitoring enzyme

Zn supplementation

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17
Q

Latex allergy

A

Th2 contact allergy

cross reactions with banana, kiwi, avocado, chestnut, papaya, tomato, white potatoe

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18
Q

Necrobiosis Lipoidica

A

0.3-1.2% of diabetics have NL
11-65% of patients with NL have diabetes

yellowish brownish plaque with atrophy, telangiectasia—on the shin

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19
Q

dH

A

transglutaminase 3 antibodies

DIF with IgA and C3 in dermal papillae

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20
Q

Balantitis Circinata

A

Reiters syndrome: urethritis, arthritis, conjunctivitis

HLA B27

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21
Q

Acne Fulminans

A

abrupt onset, inflamed and ulcerated nodular acne

leukocytosis, fevers, arthralgias, myalgias, sterile osteomyelitis

The SC joint and chest wall is involved

young males

treat with oral prednisone, IL steriods, antibiotics and isotretinoin

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22
Q

Degos disease

A

Malignant atrophic papulosis
Small vessel vasculopathy

BV in the skin, GI tract, CNS

small red papules with central white scar

GI- bowel perforation
CND- stroke, headache, epilepsy

Dipyramidole and eculizumab

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23
Q

Herpes gestationis

A

pemphgoid gestationis

puruitic vesiculobullous eruption that develops late in pregnant or immediately post partum

DIF: linear C3 deposition along the basement membrane (100%) and IgG deposition (30%)

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24
Q

GVHD Risk Factors

A 
older age
history of acute GVHD 
HLA mismatch 
hx of splenectomy
CMV seropositivity in donor
second allogenic transplant
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25
Q

Morsicatio buccarum

A

shaggy white plaque on the buccal mucosa from chronic irritation from biting

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26
Q

Mutations in melanocytic lesions

Ras

C-kit

P53

A

Ras: all melanocytic lesions

C-kit: acral melanocytic

P53: AK, SCCIS, SCC

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27
Q

Median rhomboid glossitis

A

Candida albicans

Can also cause angular chelitis, chronic paronychia, vulvovaginitis

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28
Q

Ascher Syndrome

A

recurrent upper (and sometimes lower) eyelid swelling as well as upper vermillion and cutaneous lip swelling –> causes redundancy of eyelid skin

Nontoxic goiter

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29
Q

Schamberg Disease

A

Capillaritis- pigmented purura
Asymmetric brown orange patches; cayenne pepper spots

yellow brown patches with some pin point petechaie

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30
Q

Erythema Gyratum Repens

A

Associated with lung malignancy 80% of the time

preceds malignancy by 9 months

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31
Q

Favre-Racouchat

A

affects elderly white males with a history of chronic sun exposure and smoking.

It is characterized by multiple open comedones on the temples and forehead with a background of actinically damaged skin–comedones caused by large hair follicles

32
Q

Camptodactyly

A

flexion contracture of the 3rd through the 5th proximal interphalangeal joints and elbows bilaterally.

Blau syndrome is an autosomal dominant form
of sarcodosis due to a defect in the CARD15/NOD2 gene manifesting also with arthritis, cutaneous sarcoid, uveitis, and synovial cysts. It does not have lung or visceral involvement.

33
Q

NF1 criteria

A 
Chromosome 17
Auto dominant 
>2 of the following: 
- >6 cafe au lait spots >5mm prepuberty and >10mm post puberty
- optic glioma
- >lisch nodules
- axillary freckling 
- >neurofibromas or >1 plexiform neurofibroma 
- 1 family member with NF
34
Q

NF2

A

Chromosome 22
Auto dominant

bilateral acoustic schwannomas

35
Q

Reactive arthritis

A

usually in men, HLA B27 subtype

test these patients for HIV

keratoderma blennorrhagicum

Chlamydia trachomatis: painful and bloody urination, pyuria, cystitis, prostatis, seminal vesiculitis

36
Q

Gram negative folliculitis after prolonged courses of doxy/mino—tx?

A

isotretinoin

37
Q

Pilomatricoma

A

benign hair matrix tumors

children

solitary purple, red nodules on the head and neck. if multiple then associated with myotonic dystrophy

associated with mutations in beta catenin

Syndromes: Turner, Rubinstein-Taybi, Churg-Strauss

38
Q

Churg Strauss Criteria

A

> 4 of 6 of the following:

  • Blood eosinophilia
  • asthma
  • neuropathy
  • sinus abnormalities
  • allergies
  • perivascular eosinophils
39
Q

Dermatomyositis antibodies

A

Anti-M2: good prognosis with shawl sign, cuticular changes

Anti-Ku: sclerodermatomyositis

Anti-SRP: cardiac disease with poo prognosis

Anti-Jo1: pulmonary fibrosis, Raynaud’s and polyarthritis

40
Q

PUPPP

A

occurs during third trimester or immediately post partum within a few weeks

does not recur

No risk to mom or baby

increased risk in primagravasas, maternal obesity, twin gestations

topical CS, antihistamines

41
Q

Nevus anemicus

A

localized hypersensitivity to catecholamines and found on upper chest; can have satelite lesions around it

capillary malformation

does not redden on rubbing

42
Q

Von Zumbusch

A

Acute PSO; generalized pustular psoriasis.
Pustules which arise from highly erythemaotus skin;
hypocalcemia, hypoalbuminemia, leukocytosis

43
Q

Macroglossia

A 
Amyloidosis
Down syndrome
Cretinism
hypothyroidism
lipoid proteinosis
Beckwidth Weiderman
44
Q

Behcets

A

Oral ulcerations at least 3x in the past 12 months
+2:
-receurrent genital ulcerations
-posterior uveitis
-+pathergy test
-Skin lesions:: EN, psuedofolliculitis, papulopustular lesions, acneiform nodules

45
Q

Granular cell tumors

A

40% on the tongue

well circumscribed raised firm nodules
Stain with S-100 and PAS

46
Q

SCORTEN

A 
Serum glucose >14mmol
Age >40 years 
HR >120
Bicarbonate <20
BSA involvement on day 1
Serum urea >10mmol/L
cancer/hematologic malignancy
47
Q

acquired angioedema

A

C1q, C4 are low
Bradykinin is elevated
C3 is normal

lymphoproliferative disease, MGUS, rheumatologic disease

48
Q

Kveim-Siltzback test

A

Sarcoidosis

intradermal injection of suspension from granuloma ctonaining spleen, LN
+ test is papule formation at the site of injection within 4-6 weeks
non-necrotizing granulomas and absence of foreign material

49
Q

Sneddon Wilkinson

A

Subcorneal pustular dermatoses

superficial pustules in annular and serpiginous patterns in the axillae, groin adn abdomen

Middle aged women

related to PSO

Tx: Dapsone, aceitretin, UVB

50
Q

Preservative in vaccine

A

Thimerosol

Influenza, tetanus, diptheria
immunoglobulin, antitoxins

mercury containing compound

51
Q

Bullous lesions with antibodies against collagent 7

A

bullous LE and EBA

Differentiate bc

52
Q

Neonatal Lupus

A

mother’s anti SSA/Ro and/or anti SSB/La antibodies from mother to fetus

annular scaling macules and plaques within first few months of life; congenital heart block, hepatic disease, thrombocytopenia

Resolves after 6 months

53
Q

Antibodies

Anti-Jo against histidyl tRNA synthetase

C-Anca against proteinase 3

A

dermatomyositis with pulmonary involvement

C-anca against proteinase
in a cytoplasmic pattern Wegner

54
Q

ANA patterns

A

Speckled: ribonucleoprotein
MCTD, SLE, Systemic sclerosis, Sjogren’s
Anti SSA, SSB, U1 RNP

Nucleolar staining: nucleolar RNA

Peripheral staining pattern: native DNA

Homogenous staining pattern: native DNA and histones

Centromere staining: kinetochore

55
Q

Linear Morphea

A

30-70% of children
Can extend into the muscles and bone

Linear morphea of the extremity, en coup de sabre, progressive facial hemiatrophy

Misalignment of the teeth or eye deformities

56
Q

Sebaceous lipid

A

TG 50%/ Wax esters 25%/Squalene115%

57
Q

pseudotumor cerebri

A

isotretinoin + tetracycline

headaches, pulsatile tinnitis, diplopia, blurred vision

58
Q

Acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood

A

children <2
Triggering factors include infection, drugs, and immunization

facial edema is first sign
edematous painful petechiae and ecchymosies of the head and distal extremities

No systemic symptoms –diff from HSP

bx is the same as HSP- LCV

self limiting

59
Q

Triggers for psoriasis

A

NSAIDs, PCN, antimalarials, BB, ACEI, G-CSF, lithium, tetracycline

steroid withdrawal

60
Q

Cutaneous Mastocytosis

A

Urticaria pigmentosa- most common

Serum levels in bone marrow blood

61
Q

HPV subtypes and warts

A

6,11: condyloma acuminata- genital warts

1, 2: palmoplantar warts

3, 10 flat warts

7 Butchers wart

16,18 high risk anogenital and cervical warts, bowenoid papulosis

62
Q

Sarcoidosis anterior uveitits

A

Mutton fat keratic precipitates

63
Q

Vibration white finger

A

development of a white finger or fingers in response to cold, associated transient loss of sensation, possible permanent finger neuropathy and pain in the affected limb. It is associated with exposures to vibrations between 30 and 300 Hz.

64
Q

Criteria for Sweets syndrome

A

Major:
- abrupt onset of juicy painful papules
nuertrophilic infiltration on pathology

Minor:

  • associated condition
  • fever, malaise
  • elev ESR, CRP
  • excellent response to prednisone
65
Q

Familial Mediterranean Fever

A

Autosomal Recessive with incomplete penetrance

Colchicine (NSAIDS, TNFaI) is prophylaxis

Pyrin–mutations in MEFV gene product

recurrent fevers, peritonitis, pleuritis, arthritis, erysipelas-like erythema

66
Q

Impetigo Herpetiformis

A

Pustular Psoriasis of Pregnancy

elevated EST and leukocytosis, hypocalcemia

fetal mortality 2/2 to placental insufficiency and maternal mortality 2/2 to cardiac or renal failure

67
Q

Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma

A

igG lamda or kappa monoclonal gammopathy

rare chronic progressive granulomatous disorder

68
Q

Keratin in hyperproliferative psoriasis plaques

A

Keratin6,16

69
Q

BC which worsen acne

A

depot injections, hormonal intrauterine devices, subdermal implants

70
Q

SAPHO

A

aseptic neutrophilic dermatoses with aseptic osteoarticular lesions

inflammatory synovitis; arthrosteitis, hyperostosis, osteitis (anterior chest wall, spine, pelvis)

71
Q

Lichen sclerosus vs. lipoid proteinosis

A

Lipoid proteinosis:
Autosomal recessive
loss of function ECM1 mutation

LS&A: autoantibodies against ECM1

72
Q

Phyrnoderma

A

keratotic papules of anterolateral thighs, posterolateral upper arms

Vitamin A B C Edef

73
Q

HSP

A

URI in 75% of cases

Skin, synovia, GI tract, kidneys

purpura on the upper trunk means kidney issues

74
Q

EPS

A 
PROMEDA
PXE
Rothmund Thomson
Osteogenesis imperfecta 
Marfans 
Ehlers Danlo
Down Syndrome
Acrogeria
75
Q

Chloracne

A

industrial acne from exposure to chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons

malar cheeks, retroauricular region, scrotum

Dermatology (5 decks)

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