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1033 > General Definitions > Flashcards

General Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

A fuel or oxidizer, often an ignitible liquid, intentionally used to initiate a fire or increase the rate of growth or spread of fire.

A

Accelerant (3.3.2)

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2
Q

A high-temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation

A

Arc (3.3.8)

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3
Q

Identifying and documenting a fire pattern derived from the identification of arc sites used to aid in determining the area office origin or spread.

A

Arc Mapping (3.3.9)

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4
Q

A structure, part of a structure, or general geographic location within a fire scene, in which the “point of origin” of a fire or explosion is reasonably believed to be located.

A

Area of origin (3.3.13)

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5
Q

The crime of maliciously and intentionally, recklessly, starting a fire or causing an explosion.

A

Arson (3.3.15)

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6
Q

Initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame

A

Autoignition (3.3.16)

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7
Q

A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined space containing oxygen deficient products of incomplete combustion

A

Backdraft (3.3.18)

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8
Q

A rounded mass of resolidified metal on the end of the remains of an electrical conductor or conductors that was caused by arcing and is characterized by a sharp demarcation between the melted and unmelted conductor surfaces

A

Bead (3.3.19)

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9
Q

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water 1 degree F at the pressure of 1 atmosphere and temperature of 60 degrees F

A

British Thermal Unit (3.3.23)

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10
Q

A fire effect realized in gypsum products, including wallboard, as a result of exposure to heat that drives off free and chemically bound water

A

Calcination of gypsum (3.3.25)

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11
Q

The circumstances, conditions, or agencies that brought about or resulted in the fire or explosion incident, damage to property, bodily injury, or loss of life`

A

Cause (3.3.27)

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12
Q

Carbonaceous material that has been burned or pyrolyzes and has a blackened appearance

A

Char (3.3.29)

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13
Q

A distinct and visible fire effect generally apparent on noncombustible surfaces after combustible layer(s) (such as soot, paint, and paper) have been burned away

A

Clean burn (3.3.31)

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14
Q

Capable of undergoing combustion

A

Combustible (3.3.32)

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15
Q

Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at of above 37.8 degrees Celsius (100 degrees F)

A

Combustible Liquid (3.3.34)

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16
Q

A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or flame

A

Combustion (3.3.35)

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17
Q

An ignition source that has sufficient energy and is capable of transferring that energy to the fuel long enough to raise the fuel to its ignition temperature

A

Competent ignition source (3.3.37)

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18
Q

Heat transfer to another body or within a body by direct contact

A

Conduction (3.3.38)

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19
Q

Het transfer by circulation within a medium such as a gas or a liquid

A

Convection (3.3.39)

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20
Q

The process by which conclusions are drawn by logical inference from given premises

A

Deductive Reasoning (3.3.43)

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21
Q

Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity that is less that the speed of sound in the unreached medium

A

Deflagration (3.3.44)

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22
Q

Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity greater than the speed of sound in the unreacted medium

A

Detonation (3.3.47)

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23
Q

Factual data that is based on actual measurement, observation or direct sensory experience rather than on theory

A

Empirical Data (3.3.54)

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24
Q

A property of matter manifested as an ability to perform work, either by moving an object against a force or by transferring heat

A

Energy (3.3.55)

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25
Q

The sudden conversion of potential energy (chemical or mechanical) into kinetic energy with the production and release of gases under pressure, or the release of a gas under pressure

A

Explosion (3.3.58)

26
Q

A rapid oxidation process, which is an exothermic chemical reaction, resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities

A

Fire (3.3.68)

27
Q

The observable or measurable changes in or on a material as a result of a fire

A

Fire Effects (3.3.74)

28
Q

The visible or measurable physical changes, or identifiable shapes, formed by a fire effect or group of fire effects

A

Fire Patterns (3.3.78)

29
Q

The condition where unburned fuel from the originating fire has accumulated in the upper layer to a sufficient concentration that it ignites and burns

A

Flameover (3.3.86)

30
Q

A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point that is below 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F) and a maximum vapor pressure of 2068 mm Hg

A

Flammable Liquid (3.3.89)

31
Q

The range of concentrations between the lower and upper flammable limits

A

Flammable Range (3.3.90)

32
Q

The lowest temperature of a liquid, as determined by a specific laboratory tests, at which the liquid gives off vapors at a sufficient rate to support a momentary flame across its surface

A

Flash Point of a Liquid (3.3.92)

33
Q

A transition phase in the development of a compartment fire in which surfaces exposed to thermal radiation reach ignition temperature more or less simultaneously and, given sufficient availability of oxygen, fire spreads rapidly throughout the space, resulting in full room involvement or total involvement of the compartment or enclosed space

A

Flashover (3.3.93)

34
Q

The total quantity of combustible contents of a building, space, or fire area, including interior finish and trim, expressed in heat units or the equivalent weight in wood

A

Fuel Load (3.3.97)

35
Q

A fire in which the heat release rate and growth rate are controlled by the characteristics of the fuel, such as quantity and geometry, and in which adequate fire for combustion is available

A

Fuel-controlled fire (3.3.98)

36
Q

The physical state of a substance that has no shape or volume of its own and will expand to take the shape and volume of the container or enclosure it occupies

A

Gas (3.3.100)

37
Q

A form of energy characterized by vibration of molecules and capable of initiating and supporting chemical changes and changes of state

A

Heat (3.3.106)

38
Q

The exchange of thermal energy between materials through conduction, convection, and/or radiation

A

Heat Transfer (3.3.111)

39
Q

A material that is capable of sustaining a reaction front that moves through the unreacted material at a speed equal to or greater than that of sound in that medium

A

High Explosive (3.3.112)

40
Q

Any combustible or flammable liquid

A

Ignitible liquid (3.3.116)

41
Q

The process of initiating self-sustained combustion

A

Ignition (3.3.117)

42
Q

The quantity of heat energy that should be absorbed by a substance to ignite and burn

A

Ignition Energy (3.3.118)

43
Q

A fire that is intentionally ignited in an area or under circumstances where and when there should not be a fire

A

Incendiary Fire (3.3.121)

44
Q

The process by which a person starts from a particular experience and proceeds to generalization. The process by which hypotheses are developed bases upon observable or known facts and the training, experience, knowledge, and expertise of the observer

A

Inductive Reasoning (3.3.122)

45
Q

The borders defining the differences in the fire effects on materials between the affected area and adjacent, less-affected areas

A

Lines of demarcation (3.3.130)

46
Q

An explosive that has a reaction velocity of less than 1000m/sec

A

Low explosive (3.3.131)

47
Q

The general location where a fire or explosion began

A

Origin (3.3.140)

48
Q

A firefighting term involving the process of final extinguishment after the main body of the fire has been knocked down. All traces of fire must be extinguished at this time

A

Overhaul (3.3.142)

49
Q

The physical location within the area of origin where a heat source, a fuel, and an oxidizing agent first interact, resulting in a fire or explosion

A

Point of origin (3.3.149)

50
Q

A property of a process, such as fire, which describes the amount of energy that is emitted, transferred , or received per unit time and is measured in joules per second (J/s) or watts (W)

A

Power (3.3.150)

51
Q

A process in which material is decomposed or broken down, into simpler molecular compounds by the effects of heat alone; it often proceeds combustion

A

Pyrolysis (3.3.158)

52
Q

Any substance that spontaneously ignites upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen

A

Pyrophoric Material (3.3.159)

53
Q

Heat transfer by way of electromagnetic waves that are longer than visible light waves and shorter than radio waves

A

Radiation (3.3.161)

54
Q

The systematic pursuits of knowledge involving the recognition and definition of a problem; the collection of data through observation and experimentation; analysis of the data, the formulation, evaluation and testing of hypotheses; and, where possible, the selection of a final hypothesis

A

Scientific Method (3.3.167)

55
Q

A crater like indentation created at the point of origin of some explosions

A

Seat of explosion (3.3.168)

56
Q

An explosion with a highly localized point of origin, such as a crater

A

Seated explosion (3.3.169)

57
Q

A moving particle of solid material that emits radiants energy due either to its temperature or the process of combustion on its surface

A

Spark (3.3.183)

58
Q

Loss, destruction, or material alteration of an object or document that is evidence or potential evidence in a legal proceeding by one who has the responsibility for its preservation

A

Spoliation (3.3.186)

59
Q

Process whereby a material increases in temperature without drawing heat from its surroundings

A

Spontaneous Heating (3.3.187)

60
Q

Solid or liquid fuel used to intentionally spread or accelerate the spread of a fire from one area to another

A

Trailer (3.3.201)

61
Q

The gas phase of a substance, particularly of those that are normally liquids or solids at ordinary temperatures

A

Vapor (3.3.204)

1033 (2 decks)

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