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College Flashcards > General Chemistry Unit 1 & 2 > Flashcards

General Chemistry Unit 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid, and gas.

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2
Q

What are the two states of energy?

A

Kinetic Energy and potential energy.

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3
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Energy that is in motion.

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4
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Energy that is stored.

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5
Q

What is an atom?

A

The basic building block of matter or the smallest unit particle of an element.

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6
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that contains only one type of atom.

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7
Q

What is a compound?

A

Any pure substance that can be broken down into two or more pure substances.

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8
Q

Define mixture.

A

A combination of two or more pure substances

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9
Q

Define heterogeneous mixtures.

A

mixtures that are not evenly distributed different.

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10
Q

Define homogenous mixtures.

A

uniformly distributed. The solution does not separated and can not be separated by filtration.

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11
Q

Define chemical changes.

A

new bonds are form and/or old bonds are broken. Chemical reaction new products are formed.

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12
Q

Define physical changes

A

change in physical state, no new substance is formed.

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13
Q

What is the equation of finding density?

A

D= m/v

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14
Q

When does water freeze in farhenheit?

A

32 Farheheit

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15
Q

Define Allotropes

A

Different arrangements of elements in three dimensions can give rise to extraordinary differences.

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16
Q

What is the mole conversion?

A

6.022 * 10^23

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17
Q

Define Precision

A

degree of uncertainty in a measurement affects repeatability.

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18
Q

Define accuracy.

A

How close the true value measurement is.

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19
Q

C = what?

A

2.998E8 ms^-1

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20
Q

What is the wave length units?

A

m, cm, nm

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21
Q

What is the symbol for wave length?

A

a reflected k

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22
Q

What is the symbol for frequency?

A

a v with a longer line on the right wing

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23
Q

What is the units to find frequency?

A

Hertz

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24
Q

What is the frequency to wave length?

A

C=reflected k *long v

25
Q

What is the equation to find E?

A

E=h*long v

26
Q

What is h?

A

h= 6.626*10^-34

27
Q

What is long v?

A

1.6*10^6

28
Q

What is E?

A

-2.179*10^-18

29
Q

How do i find E?

A

E=hc/reflected k

30
Q

What does n mean?

A

number of levels or shells? The bigger n means larger orbital and higher energy.

31
Q

What is the symbol for sublevel?

A

l (0 to 3)

32
Q

What is the symbol for energy level?

A

n (1 to 7)

33
Q

What is the symbol for orbital?

A

mi magnetic (-3 to 3)

34
Q

What is the symbol of electron spin in an orbital?

A

ms (+1/2 or -1/2)

35
Q

How do you write a ground state electron configuration?

A

Nxy
Ex: 1s^2

36
Q

What does G.S.E.C mean?

A

Ground State electron configuration.

37
Q

How do you find the GSEC as an energy diagram?

A

Shown table.

38
Q

What is valence electrons?

A

The electrons in an atom’s outermost energy level

39
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons in order to end up with 8 valence electrons.

40
Q

What does ionization mean?

A

The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral gaseous atom of an element

41
Q

What is an ionization energy?

A

Show above

42
Q

Looking on the periodic table going from top to bottom vertically what does that mean?

A

The elements decreases and becomes easier to pull off. The distance from the nucleus increases

43
Q

Looking on the periodic table going from left to right horizantally what does that mean?

A

The octet rule. Atoms on left are close to having an octet if they lose an electron.

44
Q

From top to bottom what does that mean on a periodic table?

A

It means that the atomic size is bigger. The farther vertically down you go on the periodic table the bigger the orbital.

45
Q

From right to left horizantally what does that mean on a periodic table?

A

It means the atomic size is smaller

46
Q

What does Zeff mean?

A

Effective nuclear charge.

47
Q

What does diamagnetic mean? Shown on the diagram

A

Anything with a paired electron

48
Q

What does a paramagnetic mean? Shown on the diagram

A

Any unpaired electron

49
Q

When drawing the diagram how many dashes does the s orbital get

A

1 dash for each number.

50
Q

When drawing the diagram how many dashes does the p orbital get?

A

3 dashes for each number

51
Q

When drawing the diagram how many dashes does the d orbital get?

A

5 dashes should be drawn for each number

52
Q

What is a degenerate orbitals

A

Orbitals that are first occupied by one electron each with the same spin.

53
Q

What are the d-block exception?

A

Cr, Cu

54
Q

What is the equation to find the number of atoms?

A

Given mass of element/molar mass

then multiplied by 6.023

55
Q

What is Avogadro number?

A

6.023 *10^23

56
Q

Where is the molar mass located?

A

Found on the periodic table

57
Q

How is energy measured?

A

In Joules

58
Q

“h” is equal to?

A

6.626*10^-34 (J/s is the units)

59
Q

“c” is equal to?

A

2.998*10^8 (m/s is the units)

College Flashcards (4 decks)

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