General Chemistry knowledge

Question 1

Define solid to liquid

Answer 1

fusion (melting)

Question 2

define liquid to gas

Answer 2

vaporization

Question 3

define gas to liquid

Answer 3

condensation

Question 4

define liquid to solid

Answer 4

crystallization

Question 5

define solid to gas

Answer 5

sublimation

Question 6

define gas to solid

Answer 6

deposition

Question 7

In fusion is heat absorbed or released?

Answer 7

absorbed

Question 8

What group is soluble? Plus what other compound?

Answer 8

Group I (alkali metals) + Ammonium (NH4)

Question 9

What polyatomic ion salts are soluble?

Answer 9

Nitrate (NO3-), perchlorate (ClO4-), and acetate (C2H3O2-)

Question 10

What metal ions are insoluble?

Answer 10

Ag+ (silver), lead (Pb2+, Pb4+), mercury (Hg2+)

Question 11

solubility of solid in liquid tends to _________ in increasing T

Answer 11

increase

Question 12

solubility of gas in liquid tends to ___________ in increasing T

Answer 12

Decrease

Question 13

solubility of gas in liquid tends to ___________ in increasing P

Answer 13

increase

Question 14

According to Bronsted-Lowry, acids are ________ and bases are _______

Answer 14

Acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors

Question 15

According to Lewis, acids are ___________ bases are ___________

Answer 15

acids are electron acceptors and bases are electron donors

Question 16

Name the 6 common strong acids

Answer 16

HI (hydrogen iodide), HBr (hydrogen bromide), HCl (hydrochloric acid), HClO4 (perchloric acid), H2SO4 (sulfuric acid), HNO3 (nitric acid)

Question 17

Name the common strong bases

Answer 17

Group 1 hydroxides (ex: NaOH), Group 2 oxides (ex: Li2O), Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 look at their location on periodic table, metal amides (ammonia but with something else, ex: NaNH2)

Question 18

Define polyprotic and give an example

Answer 18

Acid that has more than one proton to donate (ex: H2CO3)

Question 19

Define amphoteric and give an example

Answer 19

can be a conjugate base but can also be an acid and donate another H - always the result of a weak polyprotic acid