General Chemistry: Gen Chem Basics (metrics, density, molecular formulas, balancing,etc) Flashcards
nano
10^-9
micro
10^-6
milli
10^-3
centi
10^-2
kilo
10^3
mega
10^6
conversion of L to m^3
1000 L = 1m^3
1L = 1000 cm^3
Molarity (M)
Moles of solute / liter of solution (n/v)
Angstrom (state units also)
10^-10m
Order of magnitude
factor of 10
Density (state units also)
mass per volume
p = mass/volume, kg/m^3 or g/cm^3
How many kg/m^3 are in g/cm^3?
1000
How many g/cm^3 are in kg/m^3?
10^-3
Volume formula
m/p
Molecular formula def
Number of each element in a molecule
Define empirical formula
Smallest whole numbers that give the same ratio of atoms
How to find empirical formula
Divide all subscripts of each element in the molecule by their greatest common factor - reduce
Find the empirical formulas of the following formulas:
1) . C6H12O6
2) . K2S2O8
3) . Fe4-Na8-O35-P10
4) . C30-H27-N3-O15
1) . CH2O
2) . KSO4
3) . Fe4-Na8-O35-P10
4) . C10-H27-N3-O15
List all the polyatomic ions
- Ammonium
- Hydronium
- Acetate (AcO-)
- Bicarbonate
- Cyanide
- Hydroxide
- Nitrate
- Nitrite
- Perchlorate
- Carbonate
- Sulfate
- Sulfite
- Phosphate
- NH3+
- H30+
- CH3CO2-
- HCO3-
- CN-
- OH-
- NO3-
- NO2-
- CLO-
- CO3 2-
- SO4 2-
- SO3 2-
- PO4 3-
Formula weight
Sum of atomic weights in all atoms of a molecule (determined if you know chemical formula)
amu
unit for atomic weight
Mole
6.02 x 10^23
Mole fraction - def
moles in substance / total # moles in solution
When in mole fraction used
expressing concentrations when more than one solute is present, used when discussing mixture of gases
