General Chemistry Flashcards
Does the electronegativity increase or decrease when you move up groups? Why?
increases because the smaller the atom, the more the nucleus is able to act on everything around it, it is not shielded by electrons
Does electronegativity increase of decrease when going left in period? Why
Decreases. This is because, atom is farther from its goal. When it is closer, it becomes more electronegative
Electronegativity
tendency of an atom to draw or polarize bonding electrons toward itself
When you go left on the periodic table, what happens to the size of the atoms?
The size increases. Less effective charge because less valence electrons. Electrons don’t pull in as much
When going up in groups, What happens to the size of the atom? Why?
Decreases. As you decrease the number of orbitals, you decrease the radius. As you go down the groups, the number of orbitals increases and so atom is bigger
Ionization Energy
The energy to ionize—>energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Electron Affinity
Energy that is released why electron is added
What does it mean for an atom to have low ionization energy
electrons can be easily removed from those atoms
What does it mean for an electron to have high affinity
means atoms will easily accept electrons
Atoms with low ionization energy (left side of table) will bond with atoms that have____
high electron affinity. easily accepts electrons because the low ionization electron easily gives electron
What are metalloids and where are they on the table
They are semimetallic elements and they are between metals and nonmetals
Where are the nonmetals
Where are metals
periods on the periodic table represent atoms with:
An element is a
pure chemical substance that consist of a single type of atom, distinguished by its atomic number
Why do elements with larger shell sizes have low ionization energy? Where are they in terms of groups.
this is due to sheilding (by the inner shell electrons) from the positive charge of the nucleus. The greater the distance between the electrons and the nucleus, the less energy is needed to remove the outer valence electrons (because of less pull)
The attraction of the nucleus on the outermost electron in an atom tends to : (Increase or decrease) from right to left and top to bottom
Decrease.The attraction of the nucleus on the outermost electrons determine the ionization energy, which increases towards the right and increases up on the periodic table
