General Chem Stuff Flashcards
What are the Main Group Elements?
The A groups
Describe what a Molecular Formula tells you.
Molecular formula is a list of the elements and the amounts of each. Such as H2O
For electron box notation, what do the boxes themselves represent, what do you fill them with, and how do you fill them?
The boxes themselves represent the orbitals of a subshell, and they are filled with arrows that represent the electrons. You start by filling every box with only one upward pointing arrow, when you have put an upward arrow in each box, put a downward arrow in the boxes until you have represented each electron in the subshell. 3p^5 would look kinda like: [^v][^v][^ ]
Standard atomic notation is A over Z to the left of X, what do each of these letters mean?
A is the number of Protons and Neutrons. (The number of “Nucleons”)
Z is the number of Protons specifically.
X is the Element Symbol.
Why
When water freezes, has it undergone a chemical or physical change?
A physical change.
What is the Specific Heat of water?
1 cal / g x °C
When adding or subtracting, you should…?
Round your number to the least precise number of sig figs in the original equation.
Are trailing zeros ever significant?
Only to the right of the decimal. OR if you add a decimal after the 0. (For example, 420 has two sig figs, 420. has three.)
How does one convert a temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Fahrenheit - 32 x .5556
If a Mixture’s composition is uniform, what is it?
A Homogeneous Mixture.
What is the formula to find a temperature change (ΔT)?
ΔT = Q / (mC)
Verbal answer: “Heat (Q) divided by mass(m) multiplied by the Specific Heat Capacity(C)”
What is a Radical?
A radical (or “free radical”), is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron.
What is Ionization Energy?
Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. (A measure of how possessive an atom is of it’s electrons.)
What are the properties of ionic bonds?
1. What do they create?
2. What is the bond called?
3. What is their state at room temperature?
4. Are they brittle?
5. What is their relative melting/boiling point?
6. What structures do they form?
7. Can they conduct electricity?
8. Are they water soluble?
- Creates Ions
- Ionic Bonds
- Solid at Room Temperature
- Brittle
- Relatively high melting/boiling point
- Forms 3D crystal lattices
- Good conductors of electricity when melted or dissolved in water
- Some are water soluble, these form “solutions”
What is the angle of a Pyramidal bond?
109.5°
What are the Transition Elements?
The B groups
Are leading zeros ever significant?
No.
Define “Polar Bond”
A bond where electrons are shared unequally.
How many Orbitals does S subshell have, and how many electrons can it hold?
1 Orbital, 2 Electrons
Can Compounds be Pure Substances?
Yes.
Oh no look behind you there’s a bear!
Sorry, I just wanted to inject some levity into this slog.
What is a Pure Substance?
Pure Substances are substances that are made up of only one type of matter.
How many periods are there?
7