General Characteristics Flashcards
These are single vegetative cells that has a smooth, creamy, and bacteria-like colony.
Yeast
What is the mode of reproduction for yeast?
Budding
These are multicellular vegetative cell that has a fuzzy or wholly appearance.
Molds
What causes the appearance of molds?
Mycelia
Identify the part of hyphae:
Extends beyond the surface.
Aerial mycelia
These are long strands of tube-like structures that composes the mycelium (mycelia).
Hyphae
Identify the part of hyphae:
Extend downward.
Vegetative mycelia
Identify the part of hyphae:
Support reproductive structures that produces conidia.
Aerial mycelia
Identify the part of hyphae:
Absorb water and nutrients.
Vegetative mycelia
What type of hyphae has frequent cross walls?
Septate hyphae
What type of hyphae has few cross walls with irregular intervals?
Sparsely septate hyphae
What do you call the absence of septations?
Aseptate (actually: sparsely septate)
Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:
Swollen, branching tips (“moose antlers”)
Antler hyphae
Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:
Enlarged, club-shaped areas
Racquet hyphae
Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:
Tight-coils
Spiral hyphae
Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:
Comb-like
Pectinate bodies
Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:
Root-like
Rhizoids
Identify the identification for pigmentation:
Nonpigmented or lightly pigmented
Hyaline hyphae (monoliaceous)
Identify the identification for pigmentation:
Darkly pigmented
Phaeoid hyphae (dematiaceous)
What contributes to the pigment of hyphae?
Melanin
What stain makes all fungal elements appear black?
Gomori methylene stain
What stain specifically stains melanin?
Fontana-Masson stain
When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a phaeoid hyphae?
Brown
When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a hyaline hyphae?
Pink to red
Enumerate two identification markers that uses pigmentation as a characteristic.
- Hyaline hyphae
- Phaeoid hyphae
What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in two forms, dependent on growth condition?
Dimorphism
What dimorphic state is seen in vivo in growth conditions at 37℃ with ↑concentration of CO2?
Yeast (tissue) phase
What dimorphic state is in growth conditions at room temp. (22-25℃) with ambient air?
Mold phase
What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in yeast and mold form in same culture?
Polymorphism
What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?
Asexual reproduction
What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?
Asexual reproduction
What type of reproduction requires the joining of 2 compatible nuclei, followed by meiosis?
Sexual reproduction
What contains all the genetic material necessary to create a new fungal colony?
Conidia
What are the specialized fruiting structures that carry out asexual reproduction?
Conidiogenous cells
Identify the conidiogenous cell:
Vase-like structures
Phialides
Identify the conidiogenous cell:
Ringed structures
Annelides
What conidia results from the fragmentation of fertile hyphae?
Arthroconidia
What do you call a fungus that reproduces sexually?
Teleomorph
Enumerate 2 results of conidia formation.
- Macroconidia (large, multi-celled)
- Microconidia (small, single-celled)
What do you call the asexual form of a teleomorph?
anamorph
What do you call the asexual strains (>1 anamorph in 1 teleomorph) present in the same teleomorph?
Synanamorph
Identify the specialized sexual spores:
- sac fungi
- Contained in sac-like ascus.
Ascospore
Identify the specialized sexual spores:
- conjugation fungi
- large spore with thick wall
- fusion of two identical cells
Zygospore
Identify the specialized sexual spores:
- club fungi
- spores produced in a basidium
Basidiospore
What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?
Sterigma
What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?
Sterigma
Identify the fungi group:
“Zygomycota” or “Glomerulomycota”
Mucorales
Identify the fungi group:
morphology: gray-white aerial mycelium with hyaline, sparsely septate hyphae
Mucorales
Identify the fungi group:
- 50% of all named fungi
Ascomycota
Identify the fungi group:
reproduction: sexual; production of
ascospored within ascus
Ascomycota
Identify the fungi group:
reproduction: asexual; produces
sporangiospores
Mucorales
Identify the fungi group:
presence of clamp connection
Basidiomycota
Identify the fungi group:
contains largest number of clinically
significant agents of mycoses
Fungi Imperfecti
Identify the fungi group:
- no mode of reproduction
Fungi Imperfecti
What are the asexual spores produced from sporangium?
sporangiospores
