General Biology 1

Question 1

Five different stages of Mitosis

Answer 1

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 2

Difference between mitosis and meiosis

Answer 2

Mitosis is a type of cell division for somatic cells and for the asexual reproduction of unicellular eukaryotic cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division for the production of gametes in sexual reproduction.

Question 3

refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Answer 3

Diffusion

Question 4

is a type of diffusion specifically for water molecules moving across a semi-permeable membrane.

Answer 4

Osmosis

Question 5

Is any external solution that has a low solute concentration and high water concentration compared to body fluids

Answer 5

Hypotonic solution

Question 6

Three basic parts of a cell

Answer 6

cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm

Question 7

Three cell theories

Answer 7

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

Question 8

Types of cells

Answer 8

stem cells, bone cells, blood cells, muscle cells, fat cells, skin cells, nerve cells, endothelial cells, sex cells, pancreatic cells, cancer cells

Question 9

Normal blood pressure

Answer 9

120/80 mmHg

Question 10

Normal blood sugar

Answer 10

85 -125 mg/dL

Question 11

used to measure blood sugar

Answer 11

Glucometer

Question 12

Increase of blood sugar

Answer 12

Hyperglycemia

Question 13

Decrease of blood sugar

Answer 13

Hypoglycemia

Question 14

Increase of blood pressure

Answer 14

Hypertension

Question 15

Decrease of blood pressure

Answer 15

Hypotension

Question 16

Union of sperm and egg cell

Answer 16

Fertilization

Question 17

Treatment for cancer

Answer 17

• Stem cell
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Hormone therapy

Question 18

GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. contributed to the cell theory by literally discovering cells.

II. made his contribution to the cell theory in 1665.

III. discovery help paved the way to the rejection of spontaneous rejection by demolishing the idea that living things came out of nothing or
nonliving things. In truth, while Hooke only saw dead cell remains, it still proved that there was something that made up a once-living thing.

Answer 18

Robert Hooke (1665)

Question 19

GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. This scientist contributed to the cell theory by being the first to prove that a living thing has cells. Hooke could not take credit for this as he only witnessed the dead cells in a piece of cork.

II. This scientist made his contribution to the cell theory in 1673.

III. This scientist’s discovery helped lead to the rejection of spontaneous generation through supporting the notion that living things must come from somewhere and must be made out of some “entity” instead of randomly appearing out of thin air or abiotic factors.

Answer 19

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1673)

Question 20

GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. This scientist contributed to the cell theory by supporting the idea that cells are products of other cells.

II. made his contribution in 1850.

III. This scientist’s discovery helped lead to the rejection of the theory of spontaneous generation by proving that living things are products of cells, which are living things.

Answer 20

Louis Pasteur (1850)

Question 21

“cell eating” - one cell will engulf the target and then proceed to digest or destroy the contents of the vesicle. It is demonstrated by white blood cells that are appropriately named, “phagocytes”. (entire cell is engulfed)

Answer 21

Phagocytosis

Question 22

“cell drinking” - Cells tend to sample small amounts of the extracellular fluid via ___. It is when the endocytosis results in a vesicle having only extracellular fluid as its contents.(external fluid is engulfed)

Answer 22

Pinocytosis

Question 23

What are the basic, fundamental unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processes

Answer 23

Cells

Question 24

What is a type type of cell that;
- has no nucleus
- are single-celled organisms
- has a singular piece of DNA
- reproduce by binary fission
e.g bacteria, archaea

Answer 24

Prokaryotic Cells

Question 25

What is a type type of cell that;
- are characterized by a true nucleus
- reproduces both sexually and asexually
- has multiple chromosomes
e.g plants, animals, fungi

Answer 25

Eukaryotic Cells