Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Astronomy > General Astronomy Chapters 1-6 > Flashcards

General Astronomy Chapters 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Astronomy?

A

Study of objects beyond earths atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is science?

A

The method by which we UNDERSTAND how things work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Proving hypothesis true

A

An infinite amount of experiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

proving hypothesis false

A

it takes one experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Distance in Astronomy

A

kilometers
astronomical units
light years
parsecs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Scientific notation

A

Count zeros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Constellations

A

The patch of sky that gets the name, rather than the stars themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Asterism

A

A subset of stars that form a widely recognized shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Celestial Sphere

A

Assumes all stars no matter the distance are projected onto a sphere around the earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Horizon

A

Where the dome of the sky you can see meets the ground from your point of view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Zenith

A

The point above your head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nadir

A

The point below your feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Celestial equator

A

The projection of the earth’s equator into space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

North celestial pole

A

The projection of the earth’s geographic north point into space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

South celestial pole

A

The projection of the earth’s geographic south point into space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Altitude

A

The angle height of the north star (polaris) above the horizon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sky at the north pole?

A

North star will appear to not move because it is center of earths axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Archaeastronomy

A

The study of how people in the past understood the phenomena in the sky and the role it played in their cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Origin of oldest written constellations

A

Ancient Egyptian hyroglyphics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Astrology

A

A pseudoscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Principles of science

A

Requires testing and verifiable ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why did Aristotle believe the earth was round?

A
  1. the circular shadow of earth during a lunar eclipse
  2. if you change your location on earth you see different stars
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How did ancient greeks know the approximate size of the earth?

A

Eratosthenes used geometry and trigonometry to find the earth’s radius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Who discovered earth’s tilt?

A

Hipparchus by cataloging stars and their brightness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Ptolemy’s model/Geocentric model

A

The earth is the most important, therefore the center of everything…WRONG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus

A

Developed heliocentric idea and hypothesized that the earth orbits the sun in a uniform circular motion

27
Q

Biggest challenge Galileo faced?

A
  1. being able to articulate novel scientific discoveries that conflict with political and religious doctrine
  2. getting funding for research
28
Q

Father of modern science

A

Galileo Galilei developed observation. based science rather than authority-based science

29
Q

When was the telescope invested?

A

1608 in Holland and design was improved by Galileo

30
Q

Tycho Brahe

A

Surveyed the sky without a telescope, did not include difficult mathematical analysis of observations

31
Q

Johannes Kepler

A

Assistant to Tycho Brahe, developed 3 basic laws of planetary motion

32
Q

Kepler’s laws of planetary motion

A

Law 1: each planet moves around the sun in an ellipse
Law 2: planets sweep out equal areas in equal times
Law 3: P^3=a^2

33
Q

Issac Newton’s Universal law of gravity

A

gravitational force = m1*m2/r^2

34
Q

Acceleration of gravity

A

the acceleration of earth, moon, etc. does not depend on mass

35
Q

Latitude

A

Measured in degrees with a zero point at the equator

36
Q

Longitude

A

Measured in degrees or time

37
Q

Declination and Right Ascension

A

correspond to longitude and latitude and given a position of an object in the sky instead of location on earth

38
Q

Solar day vs. Sideral day

A

4 min difference between movement of sun and stars

39
Q

Solar day

A

one rotation of earth based on sun

40
Q

Sideral day

A

one rotation based with respect to stars

41
Q

one day

A

based on the ratio of the earth

42
Q

one month

A

based on the moon’s orbit around earth

43
Q

one year

A

based on earth’s orbit around the sun

44
Q

Heelstone

A

different stones that align with summer and winter sunrise and set which create shadows

45
Q

summer solstice

A

earth’s tilt is facing the sun

46
Q

winter solstice

A

earth’s tilt is away from the sun

47
Q

Equinox

A

when daylight and night light are exactly 12 hours

48
Q

Tidal Locking

A

the moon spins on its own axis one for each orbit around the earth so we always see the same side of the moon

49
Q

when are ocean tides strongest?

A

full mood

50
Q

when are ocean tides weakest

A

quarter moon

51
Q

Light

A

can be a particle or a wave

52
Q

wavelength

A

distance between two like points of a wave

53
Q

frequency

A

a count of the number of waves passing through a point

54
Q

speed of light

A

the physical speed when waves pass through a vacuum = frequency * wavelength

55
Q

photon

A

particle of light

56
Q

the energy of a photon

A

constant/h*speed of light/c divided by wavelength

57
Q

blackbody radiation

A

red glow of radiating heat

58
Q

The Doppler effect

A

speed of an object is related to the amount of shift in wavelength of light we receive from it

59
Q

Why are telescopes needed?

A

earths atmosphere hold certain gases and dust that block certain forms of light

60
Q

Refracting telescope

A

bending of path of light bean as it passes from one material to another

61
Q

reflecting telescope

A

uses single lens

62
Q

light gathering power of telescopes

A

based on the aperture (diameter) of the opening that collects light

63
Q

resolving power of telescopes

A

based on the wavelength of light and the diameter of the telescope

64
Q

magnifying power of telescopes

A

enlarge images

General Astronomy (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions