General Anesthesia Flashcards
One reason to use controlled ventilation on the anesthetized patient is?
To prevent atlelectasis
Tachycardia, hypertension, hyperventilation and the presence of certain reflexes may indicate your anesthetized patient is?
Too light
The preferred induction technique for brachycephalics is?
Injectable anesthetic IV
The advantage of a Murphy style ET tube over a Cole ET tube is the Murphy:
Has a cuff on the distal end
No response to surgical stimulation indicates your anesthetized patient is at least at what depth of anesthesia?
Stage III, plane 3
An anesthetized horse with a heart rate of 65 would be considered?
Tachycardic
Hypertension is most commonly caused by?
Light anesthetic depth
The best way to monitor the respiratory rate is by monitoring the?
Reservoir bag
The use of expired CO2 granules my cause?
Hypercapnea
The most common cause of false readings from the pulse oximeter is?
Erroneous readings
A __________________ cycle ventilator delivers a preset tidal volume, regardless of the inspiratory pressure.
Volume
Drug of choice for the treatment of bradycardia in the anesthetized patient?
Atropine Sulfate
Class of sedatives that produce profound bradycardia?
Alpha-2 Agonsits
Heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure should be recorded every how often?
Every 5 min
What degree heart block my be normal in horses?
1st Degree
Cardiac output, vascular resistance and __________________ are three components which directly effect blood pressure.
Blood Volume
Normal range for systolic blood pressure?
100-160 mmHg
Normal range of diastolic blood pressure?
60-100 mmHg
Normal range for Mean blood pressure?
80-120 mmHg
What two pieces of information does the ECG give?
Heart Rate (BPM) & Heart Rythems
White ECG lead hooks where?
Right Axillary
Green ECG lead hooks where?
Right Inguinal
Black ECG lead hooks where?
Left Axillary
Red ECG lead hooks where?
Left Inguinal
What 2 pieces of information does the Doppler give?
Pulse rate & Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Which side of the crystal is placed against the artery?
The concave side
The width of the cuff must be __________% of the circumference of the patients limb and is placed ______________ to the crystal.
40% the circumference of patients limb & placed Proximal to the crystal.
Benzodiazepine Tranquilizers cause what effects on the CNS?
Mental calming & Skeletal muscle ralaxation
Opioids cause a(n) __________________ effect on the respiratory system.
Decreased
Brand name for Butorphanol?
Torbugesic ®
Anti-Cholinergics are used pre-anesthetically for two MAIN reasons, namely:
Prevent Bradycardia & dry secretions
Drug that is more commonly used pre-anesthetically since it has a less potent effect on the heart.
Glycopyrrolate
Anti-cholinergic that has a shorter duration of action then the ones most commonly used.
Atropine Sulfate
Alpha 2 agonists have a profound effect on the _____________ system.
Cardiovascular
What 3 pieces of information does the capnograph give and what is the normal range for each in an anesthetized patient?
Respiratory Rate 8-20 RPM,
ETCO2 35-45 mmHg
InCO2 0-5 mmHg
How is the sidestream capnograph hooked up?
Connection between ET tube and Y tubing
What 2 pieces of information does the pulse oximeter give?
Pulse Rate & Amount of hemoglobin saturated with O2
The pulse oximeter probe must be paced on a surface that is ____________ and ____________.
Moist & non-pigmented
Describe how you will properly inflate the cuff on the ET tube:
Inflate the cuff as you ventilate the patient. There should be no leak at 20 cm H2O pressure with a slight leak at 30 cm H2O pressure.
How do you treat hypotension?
Fluids
Isoflurane, an inhalant anesthetic, may cause what change in the eye position at a surgical plane of anesthesia?
Rotate medial-ventral
