General Anatomy

Question 1

How are opponens muscles similar to abductor hallucis muscles?

Answer 1

The opponens and the abductor hallucis move the thumb and the big toe in relation to the other digits.

Question 2

How is anatomy different from physiology?

Answer 2

Anatomy is the study of the structures of the human body, whereas physiology is the study of the activities of those structures.

Question 3

Why should cosmetologists have an understanding of anatomy and physiology?

Answer 3

Common cosmetology procedures can rely on an understanding of human anatomy.

Question 4

Which part of a cell controls the growth and reproduction of the cell?

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

What happens during mitosis?

Answer 5

A cell reproduces by dividing into two identical cells.

Question 6

Which type of tissue binds and supports other body tissue?

Answer 6

connective tissue

Question 7

How does epithelial tissue function in the body?

Answer 7

Epithelial tissue provides a covering that protects the body.

Question 8

Which scenario is an example of a situation in which a cosmetologist should understand the endocrine system?

Answer 8

A pregnant woman shows signs of a skin condition that is related to increased levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Question 9

What is the function of the integumentary system?

Answer 9

The integumentary system provides protective covering and regulates body temperature.

Question 10

Identify the body system that controls the movement of blood throughout the body.

Answer 10

circulatory system

Question 11

Which statement best describes the relationship between organs and body systems?

Answer 11

An organ is a group of tissues that performs a specific function, whereas a body system is a group of organs that works together to perform functions.

Question 12

A cosmetologist is designing a new eye makeup style for a client. Which bones will affect the appearance of the eye makeup that is applied?

Answer 12

the zygomatic bones and the lacrimal bones

Question 13

Which part of the skeletal system has the function of protecting the brain?

Answer 13

cranium

Question 14

Which of these scenarios of a possible cosmetology task is a situation in which a cosmetologist needs knowledge of the metacarpus and the phalanges?

Answer 14

A cosmetologist is massaging a client’s hands during a manicure service.

Question 15

What is the function of the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 15

to give support and structure to the neck

Question 16

The part of the skeletal system that connects the sternum and the scapula is the ______.

Answer 16

clavicle

Question 17

Which of these sets of bones is found in the arms and hands?

Answer 17

phalanges, metacarpus, and radius

Question 18

The bone that is the larger of two leg bones below the knee and that supports most of the body’s weight is the ______.

Answer 18

tibia

Question 19

What are the seven bones in the ankle area collectively called?

Answer 19

the tarsals

Question 20

A cosmetologist is performing a hand massage during a manicure service. Which scenario describes a correct approach?

Answer 20

When massaging the opponens, pressure is directed from the muscle’s insertion to the origin.

Question 21

A cosmetologist is performing a foot massage during a pedicure service. On which muscles will the cosmetologist be directing pressure?

Answer 21

the flexor digitorum brevis and the flexor digiti minimi

Question 22

What muscle action is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and controls body functions such as breathing and digestion?

Answer 22

involuntary muscles

Question 23

Which muscle causes wrinkles across the forehead?

Answer 23

frontalis

Question 24

The levator palpebrae superioris and the levator anguli oris are muscles of the ______.

Answer 24

face, nose, and mouth

Question 25

Distinguish between the soleus and the tibialis anterior.

Answer 25

The soleus bends the foot down, and the tibialis anterior bends the foot up.

Question 26

Which muscles do people use when they straighten their wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line?

Answer 26

extensors

Question 27

Which description best defines a motor nerve?

Answer 27

Motor nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands.

Question 28

The division of the nervous system that controls voluntary muscle actions is the ______.

Answer 28

central nervous system

Question 29

During an initial manicure consultation, a cosmetologist learns that a client is being treated by a healthcare provider for a condition that limits the ability of the nervous system to process sensory information. Which of the following is an example of a way the cosmetologist might change the planned services in response to this information?

Answer 29

The cosmetologist should be careful with hot water to avoid accidentally burning the client.

Question 30

How do veins function in the circulatory system?

Answer 30

Veins transport oxygen-poor blood and waste products.

Question 31

Each of the following is a blood vessel EXCEPT _____.

Answer 31

pulmonaries

Question 32

Which of the body’s systems functions to remove waste material from the body cells to the blood?

Answer 32

lymphatic system

Question 33

Identify a function of the lymphatic system.

Answer 33

Defend the body against toxins and bacteria, and remove by-products of infection, such as pus and dead tissue.

Question 34

The glandlike structures in the immune system that filter bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells are called ________.

Answer 34

lymph nodes

Question 35

Choose the body system that functions to regulate the body’s temperature.

Answer 35

integumentary system

Question 36

A cosmetologist is discussing possible treatments for dry scalp with a client. In order to make informed decisions about scalp treatments, which body system should the cosmetologist understand?

Answer 36

integumentary system

Question 37

Which of the following best describes a function of the integumentary system?

Answer 37

Protect the body against outside elements, such as germs, chemicals, and exposure to the sun.

Question 38

Which body system is comprised of the skin and its accessory organs?

Answer 38

integumentary system

Question 39

Select the body system that includes the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.

Answer 39

endocrine system

Question 40

After an initial consultation with a new, middle-aged client, a cosmetologist learns that the client has noticed that thinning hair has been improving. When asked if there is anything different in the client’s routine, the client indicates recently starting estrogen hormone replacement therapy. In order to understand whether these two situations may be connected, which body system should the cosmetologist be knowledgeable about?

Answer 40

endocrine system

Question 41

The basic units of all living things are _____.

Answer 41

cells

Question 42

A collection of similar cells that perform a function is called a(n) _____.

Answer 42

tissue

Question 43

Structures composed of specialized tissues that perform specific functions are called ___

Answer 43

organs

Question 44

The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the _____.

Answer 44

occipital

Question 45

The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the _____.

Answer 45

ulna

Question 46

The middle part of the muscle is called the ______.

Answer 46

belly

Question 47

The muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are the _____.

Answer 47

pronators

Question 48

The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck, and face are the _____.

Answer 48

common carotid arteries

Question 49

Which of the following is part of the lymphatic system?

Answer 49

thymus gland

Question 50

The word integument means _____.

Answer 50

natural covering