General Anaesthetics

Question 1

What are the 2 types of GA?

Answer 1

Inhalation
IV GAs

Question 2

What are the 2 uses of GA?

Answer 2

1. Produce unconsciousness and lack of responsiveness to all painful stimuli
2. Provide conditions for interventions (surgery to take place, skeletal muscle relaxation)

Question 3

What properties should an ideal GA drug have?

Answer 3

Unconsciousness
Analgesia
Muscle relaxation
Amnesia
Brief and pleasant
Depth of anaesthesia can be raised or lowered with ease
Minimal adverse effects
Margin of safety

Question 4

What are the stages of GA?

Answer 4

1. Pre-assessment
2. Induction of anaesthesia
3. Airway management
4. Maintenance of anaesthesia
5. Reversal/Emergency
6. Post-operative care

Question 5

What does a balanced anaesthesia have?

Answer 5

Pain relief, unconsciousness, inhibition of reflex

Question 6

What are the most commonly used combination GAs?

Answer 6

1. Short-acting barbiturates (for induction of anesthesia)
2. Neuromuscular blocking agents (for muscle relaxation)
3. Opiods and nitrous oxides (for analgesia)

Question 7

Inhalant GA Tissue Distribution
Higher blood solubility ___ onset

Answer 7

Slower

Question 8

Name volatile liquids inhalent GA

Answer 8

Halothane*
Enflurane
Desflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

Question 9

Example of gaseous inhalant GA

Answer 9

Nitrous oxide