General Anaesthesia Flashcards
Name the triad for General Anaesthesia.
- Hypnosis, 2. Amnesia, 3. Analgesia
What are the 6 stages of GA?
- Pre-assessment
- Induction of anaesthesia
- Airway management
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
- Reversal/ Emergency
- Post-op care
Name the two types of GA.
Inhalation Anaesthetics and Intravenous Anaesthetics
Name the gaseous Inhalant GA
Nitrous Oxide
Name 2 liquid Inhalant GAs
Halothane, Enflurane, Desflurane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane
What is Minimum Alveolar Concentration (for GA)?
Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) is defined as the minimum concentration of drug in the alveolar air that will produce immobility in 50% of patients exposed to painful stimulus
How does solubility of GA affect the potency of the GA?
The GA enters the alveoli, and crosses the endothelium and must dissolve in the blood.
GA with low solubility, often have low potency.
How is GA eliminated?
Export in Expired breath
What is the major adverse effect of halothane?
Hepatotoxicity (Halothane-associated hepatitis)
What is the major adverse effect of halothane?
Nephrotoxicity, its metabolised in the liver to produce inorganic fluoride
What is the major adverse effect of nitrous oxide?
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Name 3 common IV GA options.
Thiopentone, Propofol, Ketamine
Describe the action of Thiopentone (Sodium thiopentol) - a barbiturate?
Potentiates the action of the neurotransmitter GABA on the GABA-A, receptor gated chloride gated channel –> Causing CNS depression
What is one major advantage of using Thiopentone (Sodium thiopentol) - a barbiturate?
Rapid onset of action (unconscious after 10-20sec after IV), as it enters the brain easily and rapidly
What is the primary adverse effect of Propofol?
Hypotension
