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Bordeaux > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

Bordeaux ranks ___ in volume of wine production in France.

A

2nd

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2
Q

In 2004 the total vineyard area of Bordeaux was how many acres?

A

306,000

-making it France’s largest wine appellation

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3
Q

Who provided the framework for the Medoc’s eventual dominance by creating a complex series of drainage channels in the area?

A

The Dutch

-making it suitable for viticulture in the mid 1600s

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4
Q

When was Bordeaux ruled by England?

A

From 1152-1453

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5
Q

What are courtiers?

A
  • brokers of wine
  • supplies the Chateaux with financial backing while gaining complete control over the actual trade of wine.
  • responsible for en primeur sales
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6
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux?

A

Maritime

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7
Q

What are the 2 moderating influences of the climate of Bordeaux?

A
  • the Atlantic Ocean

- The Gironde Estuary

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8
Q

True or False:

The climate of Bordeaux becomes more continental toward St. Emilion and Pomerol.

A

True

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9
Q

What is a chief concern at harvest in terms of weather?

A

Rain

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10
Q

Springtime frost can lead to what 2 problems?

A
  • coulure- improper fruit set

- Millerandage-differential ripening

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11
Q

What is the Bordeaux Mixture?

A

a mix of lime,copper sulfate and water used to avoid fungal problems

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12
Q

What was the first identifiable vineyard estate of the Left Bank?

A

Chateau Pape-Clement

-1305

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13
Q

What are 6 grapes are allowed for Bordeaux AOP wines?

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot 
Cabernet Franc
Petit Verdot
Malbec
Carmenere
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14
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

  • earliest to ripen
  • prefers clay-based soils as the delay natural vigor
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15
Q

What is the preferred soil type of Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

well drained gravel

-allows the vine’s root system to dig deeply

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16
Q

What is the preferred soil type of Cabernet Franc?

A

Limestone

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17
Q

What is the minimum planting density of the left bank?

A

7,000 vines per hectare

18
Q

What is the typical blend of Left Bank Bordeaux?

A

2/3 Cabernet Sauvignon

-Merlot and Cabernet Franc make up the rest.

19
Q

What is the typical blend of Right Bank Bordeaux?

A

3/4 Merlot

1/4 Cabernet Franc

20
Q

What is the last Bordeaux grape to ripen?

A

Petit Verdot

21
Q

What is Malbec known as in the Right Bank?

A

Pressac

22
Q

What are the 3 main grapes of the basic Bordeaux AOP white blend? What other grapes are allowed and to what percentage?

A

Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

-Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc, Colombard max. 30%

23
Q

What is the size of a barrique?

A

225 liters

24
Q

What typifies a Bordeaux Superior AOP wine?

A

Red and off-dry White wines with a higher min. abv.
11%-red
12%-white

25
Q

What is the Sparkling wine appellation of Bordeaux?

A

Cremant de Bordeaux AOP

26
Q

What does the Medoc AOP cover?

A

The entire wine-producing left bank of the Gironde Estuary

-typically used by Chateaux who don’t qualify for a more precise appellation

27
Q

What are “jalles”?

A

drainage channels of the Medoc created

28
Q

What are “croupes”?

A

gravel mounds

29
Q

Name the 6 commune appellations of the Haut-Medoc from North to South.

A 
Saint-Estephe
Pauillac
Saint Julien
Listrac-Medoc
Moulis-en-Medoc
Margaux
30
Q

What is the only significant change to happen to ever happen to the 1855 Classification?

A

1973 Mouton-Rothschild was elevated from 2nd to 1st growth

31
Q

Explain the Cru Artisan designation.

A

44 small producers throughout the Medoc are allowed to use the designation
-Denotes exceptional stewards of land and craft of wine making without the financing or apparatus of large scale operations.

32
Q

What are the 2 categories of Cru Bourgeois that have been eliminated?

A

Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel

Cru Bourgeois Superior

33
Q

When was the Cru Bourgeois designation re-instated?

A

2008

  • no longer a specific classification
  • originally introduced in 1932-444 properties.
  • official in 2003 -247 chateaux retained their status
  • term acts as a guarantor of quality and chateaux must apply for it regularly.
34
Q

Define “tries”.

A

picking grapes individually in separate trips throughout the vineyard

35
Q

What are the primary rivers of Bordeaux?

A

Garonne and Dordogne

36
Q

What is the name of the estuary opening into the Atlantic Ocean?

A

Gironde Estuary

37
Q

What is the first tranche?

A

The chateaux releases for sale a ‘tranche’ or proportion of their total production at an opening price for en premier sales.

38
Q

What first growth has left the en premier system?

A

Chateau Latour

39
Q

What is the classification of Chateau Smith Haut Lafite?

A

Cru classe de Graves Rouge

40
Q

Which Chateau holds both titles of Premier Grand Cru Classe in 1855 and Cru Classe de Graves Rouge?

A

Chateau Haut-Brion

Bordeaux (6 decks)

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