General Flashcards
What is the fuel that needs to be on the aircraft
Taxi Trip Contingency Alternate Final reserve Additional Extra
Teeny tiny cats always fight angry elephants
What does the normal taxi fuel consist of
Based on airport of departure
What does normal trip fuel consist of
Take off Climb Cruise Descent Approach Land
What does normal contingency fuel consist of
Greater of:
5% trip fuel
Or
5 min of flight time at 1500’ above destination in ISA conditions
If questions says “en-route” alternate nominated
What is the contingency fuel
The greater of
3% trip fuel
Or
5 min flight time
What is decision point departure “reduced contingency fuel procedure”
The greater of:
Trip fuel to destination via decision point \+ Contingency fuel (5% fuel from decision point to destination)
Or
Trip fuel to alternate via decision point
+ contingency (5% trip fuel from departure to alternate)
What is the alternate fuel for pre determined point procedure to continue to destination
For reciprocating engines = Fly for 45mins \+ 15% of flight time at cruise Or 2 hours whichever is less
For turbine=
2 hours at normal cruise consumption over destination
What is the alternate fuel for pre determined point procedure to alternate
Reciprocating engines = fuel to fly for 45mins
Turbine engines = fuel to fly for 30 mins at hold speed at 1500ft above destination
What is isolated aerodrome procedure
Combination of final reserve and additional fuel must be enough to fly for 2 hours at cruise consumption
What information sources are available
Air information publication Notices to airman TAF/ METARS wind / temp charts ATIS Fuel / performance planning data Charts / SIDS / STARS / IAPs
What is in aeronautical information publication (AIP) general section
Section 1 = regulations / requirements
Section 2 = tables / codes
Section 3 = services including search and rescue
Section 4 = changes
What is in aeronautical information publication (AIP) en-route section
Includes flight rules (VFR / IFR)
Radio nav aids charts
What is in aeronautical information publication (AIP) aerodrome section
Generic and specific
What would the date/ time on a NOTAM 100408000 mean
Midnight on 8th April 2010
What does * stand for on a chart
Not continuous operation
What does underline below nav aid identifier mean
BFO required
What does a 2 in a diamond mean on a chart
The sides of a hold are 2 mins long instead of 1
What does 5000T mean
MOCA number
Minimum obstacle clearance altitude
What does 4000a mean on a chart
MORA
What is maximum authorised altitude (MAA)
A published altitude representing the maximum usable altitude or flight level for an airspace structure or route segment
What is minimum crossing altitude (MCA)
The lowest altitude at certain fixes at which an aircraft must cross when proceeding in the direction of a higher minimum enroute IFR altitude (MEA)
What is minimum descent altitude / height (MDA/A) (ICAO)
A specified altitude or height in a non precision approach or circling approach below which descent may not be made without visual reference
What is minimum en route altitude (MEA)
The lowest published altitude between radio fixes that meets obstacle clearance requirements between those fixed and in many countries assures acceptable navigational signal coverage. The MEA applies to the entire width of the airway segment or route between the radio fixes defining the airway segment or route
What are the minimum IFR altitudes
Minimum altitudes for IFR operations are published in aeronautical charts for airways, routes and for standard instrument approaches, within the USA if no applicable minimum altitude is prescribed the following minimum IFR alts apply l;
1) mountainous areas 2000fr above higher obstacle within 5nm
2) non mountainous areas 1000ft above highest obstacle within 5nm
Minimum obstruction clearance altitude (MOCA)
Lowest altitude in effect between radio fixes on VOR airways / off airway routes / route segments which meets the clearance requirements for entire route segments
What is minimum off route altitude (MORA)
Obstacle clearance within 10nm of the route centreline
What do SIDS and STARS do
Minimise radio communications and de conflict airspace
