General Flashcards
What is “blackstrap”?
an English nickname for Port
What treaty established a long-lasting trade agreement between England and Portugal?
The Treaty of Methuen in 1703
Where was port first discovered by Englishmen in 1678?
Lamego-a mountain town in the Douro Valley at a Monastery
What was the responsibility of the Companhia Geral do Vinhos do Alta Douro or Douro Wine Company?
- eliminating fraud and installing regulatory measures
- developed a methodology for grading Port vineyards
- established the boundaries and practicesof the Douro appellation in 1756
What is “feitoria”?
the best vineyards for Port.
- fruit was reserved for the British market
- 335 feitoria were classified by the Douro wine company in 1761
What is “rama”?
Lesser port vineyards classified by the Douro company for domestic wines
What organization now manages the Douro appellation and its regulation?
the government run Douro Port Wine Institute
IVDP
In what year did phylloxera enter the Douro?
1867
What is the only region in Portugal that was spared from phylloxera?
Colares
Name 3 Regiao Demarcada established by 1929
Madeira, Dao, Vinho Verde
In what year was the Junta Nacional do Vinhos founded and what did it do?
1937-revamped the Portuguese wine industry and consolidated small vineyards into a larger network of co-operatives.
The quality of wine suffered.
In what year was Portugal admitted into the EU?
1986
-co-op’s lost power
Portugal devised a new appellation system in line with EU standards.
What is Mateus and Lancers?
2 commercial brands of sweet, semi-sparkling rose that became the face of Portuguese wine world wide after WWII.
What are the 2 broad classifications of Portuguese wines?
Denominacao de Origem Protegida DOP
Indicacao Geografica Protegida IGP`
What category of Portuguese wine was eliminated?
Indicacao de Proviencia Regulamentada
IPR
-former IPRs have been upgrated to DOP status
What is the lower or less stringent tier of quality wine in Portugal?
Indicacao Geografica IG
-wines with geographic indication
considered IGP for the purposed of EU or Vinhos Regional (VR) if traditionally labeled within Portugal
What percentage of grapes must come from a stated IGP region?
85%
What are the 14 IGPs of Portugal as of 2011?
Minho Transmontano Terras do Dao Terras de Cister Terras da Beira Beira Atlantico Tejo Lisboa Alentejano Peninsula de Setubal Algarve Terras Madeirenses Acores
What is garrafeira?
“private wine cellar”
Indicates a minimum period of aging prior to release for vintage dated DOP or IGP wine
What is the aging requirement for tinto garrafeira wines?
Minimum 30 months including at least 12 months in bottle
What is the aging requirement for branco and rosado garrafeira wines?
a minimum 12 months with at least 6 months in bottle
What are the requirements for a vintage garrafeira Port wine style?
following a few years in aging in barrel, the Port is matured for a period of at least 8 years in glass demijohns
If a still Portuguese wine of designated origin is labeled “reserva”, what does that indicate?
an alcohol content of at least 0.5% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP
*stricter requirements of individual DOPs may supersede this standard
What does ‘reserva’ indicate for traditional method sparkling wines in Portugal?
a minimum period of 12 months on the lees prior to degorgement
What does “Colheita Selecctionada” indicate?
a minimum 1% higher alcohol content than that established by the regional apellation
What is a “casta”?
“grape varietal”
What is the most widely grown red casta in Portugal?
Castelao
What producer brought the Castelao grape from Tejo to Terras do Sado and bottled it under the “Periquita” brand?
J.M. da Fonseca
What is Terras do Sado now known as?
Peninsula de Setubal
What s Portugal’s finest red casta?
Touriga Nacional
What is Jaen?
Mencia
What are the 4 other widely cultivated red grape varietals of Portugal?
Alfrocheiro
Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)
Baga
Aragonez (Tinta Roriz, Tempranillo)
What are 2 synonyms for Touriga Nacional?
Bical Tinto
Mortagua Preto
In what 3 regions is Touriga Nacional valued for its extraction potential and concentration?
Dao
Douro
Alentejo
What is Trincadeira?
Tinta Amarela
What is Aragonez?
Tempranillo
What is the most planted white casta in Portugal?
Fernao Pires
- known as Maria Gomez in Bairrada
- early-ripening, aromatic, simple, honeyed wines that are often prone to oxidation and low acidity
What white grape is used to make noble white wines in the Dao?
Encruzado
-elegant, balanced floral, citrusy wines that gain nutty resinous aromas with age
Bucelas produces the most striking examples of this old, indigenous, lively, mineral-tinged white grape.
Arinto
What white grape is the most important in Alentejano?
Antao Vaz
What is Alvarinho?
Albarino in Spain
Sercial of Madeira is known as what on the mainland?
Esgana Cao
-“the dog strangler” in reference to it’s high acid
What grape is Sercial often confused with?
Cercial
-used in Dao, Douro, and Bairrada Blends
