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IAMI EKS > GENERAL > Flashcards

GENERAL Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the action to be taken by the EOOW on discovering a scavenge space fire? 7

A

-call for assistance -lift fuel pump on effected unit -Increase cylinder lubrication -Close scavenge drains -stop engines when safe to do so -deploy scavenge space fixed firefighting system

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2
Q

Dangers of a scavenge space fire? 1

A

Scavenge space fire could spread to other units and cause an exhaust up take fire

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3
Q

Effects of early injection (2 stroke)? 3

A

-High peak pressure -Shock loading of bearings -drop in power

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4
Q

Effects of late injection (2 stroke)? 6

A

-Loss of power -late combustion -fuel carry over into exhaust manifold potential fire risk -after burning -fouling of exhausts -possible scavenge space fire

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5
Q

State the importance of using the correct size gravity disc? 3

A

-sets the water and oil interface. - to small a disc the water will carry to oil -to big oil will enter water and be discharged as waste

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6
Q

2 factors that determine the size of the gravity disc to be used? 2

A

-Specific gravity of the oil -temperature the purification will take place

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7
Q

Explain why the correct tappet clearances are essential on inlet and exhaust on a 4 stroke engine?

A

-Drop in power & efficiency -Cause excessive wear - in severe cases extreme damage to valves and piston heads potentially rockers and cycl head

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8
Q

Tappet clearance too large?

A

Valves will open too late and close early and won’t open at the correct degree causing excessive wear by slamming the exhaust spindle and rocker

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9
Q

Tappet clearance too small?

A

This will cause the valves to open early and close late or even fail to close completely. Loss of engine power due to leaks caused by exhaust valves not seating properly.

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10
Q

Auxiliary boiler high water alarm?

A

Feed water valve will adjust to slow/ stop feed water and allow to drop to correct level

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11
Q

Auxiliary boiler low-low water level?

A

Boiler will shut down the burner automatically and the feed water will continue to circulate to allow heat to dissipate

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12
Q

Auxiliary boiler low water level?

A

Feed water valve opens even more to increase the inlet flow to increase the level to the desired amount. If the level increases the alarm will stop sounding if it continues it will activate the low-low level alarm

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13
Q

How often should a boiler gauge glass be blown down?

A

-at the start/end of every watch -regularly as part of rounds and watch keeping duties -when ever there’s any doubt of the boilers level

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14
Q

Bilge injection valves purpose?

A

To be used as a last resort. This is a large bore suction to the main seawater pump that draws water straight from the engine bilge and discharges it directly overboard. These pumps have very high capacity and can dump a lot of water very quickly. This is only to be done in the event of the vessels safety being compromised. This due to us contaminated bilge water being discharged to the sea.

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15
Q

The water level in the E/R is rising fast and cannot be contained by the bilge pump. Describe the immediate action the EOOW should take

A

-Call for assistance - close all water tight doors -Notify the bridge and C/E - Start all pumps -Identify the leak and stop if possible - As a last resort open the bilge injection valve with the C/E or captains say

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16
Q

Describe the conditions that must be satisfied before paralleling an AC generator with the main eletrical switchboard.

A
  • The incoming voltage and busbar voltage must be the same, this is done by adjusting the excitation of the generator. Today this is usually done automatically by the AVR -The incoming frequency and busbar voltage must be the same, this is done by changing the engine speed via the governor - The incoming generator must be in phase with the others this is checked using a synchroscope
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17
Q

Minimum satisfactory insulation resistance?

A

50Mohms

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18
Q

Instrument and voltage for testing insulation resistance?

A

500v megger tester

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19
Q

Regular maintain economic required for good electrical motor operation?

A
  • regular inspection and cleaning of fans -don’t allow casing to become over painted check fans are drawing air across fins - regular scheduled bearing changes -regular internal clean -regular insulation resistance testing
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20
Q

Maximum permissible oil content of bilge water?

A

15ppm without dilution the amount below an oil film forming on the surface

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21
Q

When not to discharge OWS (SEZ)

A

In special environmental zones for example Arctic regions

22
Q

Reason for fitting freeing ports?

A

They allow excess water that may make its way on to deck to flow back overboard preventing a large build up of water on deck to increase the free surface effect on the ship and keep a positive GM

23
Q

MSN (Merchant shipping notice)?

A

-convey statutory information witch must be compiled under uk legislation

24
Q

MGN (merchant guidance notice)?

A

-Provide significant advice and guidance relating to MSNs safety improvements and predication of life at sea

25
Q

MIN (marine guidance notice)?

A

Convey information regarding examinations etc that may only be targeted at limited audience for a limited period of time

26
Q

Activation of OMS?

A

-Call bridge to reduce load to 50% - Evacuate the engine room -call chief engineer -Stop ASAP - once stopped do not open crank case doors for 20mins -keep clear of crank case doors - do not restart till problems been resolved

27
Q

Procedure from starting engine from cold to sea service?

A

-jacket heating should be on for at least 12hrs before warming the engine to 75-85 degrees -pre lube pump should be started 6hrs prior start - refer to C/E standing orders if there’s anything specific for that ship

28
Q

Draw a line diagram of a main lubricating oil system for a large two-stroke cross-head type diesel engine. Label all principle components of the system.

A

look at pic

29
Q

With the aid of simple sketches describe the procedure for “blowing through” a boiler gauge glass.

A

Close water valve B,

Open drain A, and listen for roar of steam passing.

Close steam valve C, and Listen for silence to check nothing is passing which proves valves are sealing.

Open water valve B,

Listen for rush of water.

Close drain A,

Gauge will fill with water,

Open steam C, gauge will show correct level.

30
Q

reasons why a bilge pump may not be able to remove water from an engine room bilge. (8)

A
  • Blocked strum box
  • Air ingress – leaking valve/ leaking pipes.
  • Blocked Valve.
  • Pump is not primed.
  • Stator is worn out.
  • Wear rings worn out.
  • Blocked pump strainer.
  • Pump single Phasing
31
Q

List FIVE precautions that should be taken before any work is carried out on electrical equipment. (5)

A
  • Isolate supply breaker.
  • Lock and label the breaker.
  • Inform the watch keeper.
  • Test and make sure the supply is isolated using an approved certified meter.
  • Ensure a line of communication.
  • All tools must be insulated and rated for electrical system in question.
32
Q

Make a sketch of a Bilge Injection system.

A

See Below

33
Q

Explain the meaning of the term ‘Supercharging’ and state how it is achieved

A

air is forced into an engine above atmospheric pressure to increase the engines power output for a given size. It is achieved by means of a shaft driven blower.

34
Q

Explain the meaning of the term ‘Turbo charging’ and state how it is achieved

A

The term turbo charging is where air is forced into an engine above atmospheric pressure to increase the power output for a given size of engine. turbo charging utilizes the waste energy in the engines exhaust gasses to drive a turbine which in turn drives a compressor that pressurizes the air for combustion

35
Q

Explain the operating principle of the gear pump.

A
  • One of the gears is driven by means of a motor or shaft,
  • Fluid drawn into the gap between the gear teeth and the casing,
  • Fluid passes through to the outlet side of the pump and can’t return as engaging teeth create a seal,
  • Fluid passes out the outlet
36
Q

Explain how scale forms on the heating surfaces of steam boilers and why it is undesirable.

A

Scale formation is due to permanent hardness salts present in the water. As the water is boiled off to steam the salts come out of solution and form scale deposits on the internal surfaces of the boiler.This is extremely undesirable. The scale forms an insulating layer on the inside of the boiler requiring more heat to be created to boil the water.This results in increased fuel usage and also, in the case of excessive scale build up, the boiler tubes can overheat to the point of failure. This would cause catastrophic damage and poses a serious risk to life.

37
Q

How to prevent scale from building up in a boiler.

A

Scale is Treated by the addition of Disodium Phosphate. This causes the scale in the feed water to form a sludge which is removed by blowing down the boiler

38
Q

State EIGHT actions the EOOW to take on acknowledging unexpected high-level engine room bilge alarms, in both port and starboard bilge wells.

A
  • Check bilge levels and assess the situation,
  • Start bilge pump,
  • Source the cause of the rising bilge (i.e. leak ),
  • If possible try to isolate the cause
  • If it’s not possible to isolate call for assistance and notify the bridge,
  • If the bilge pump cannot maintain the level, start an alternate pump,
  • After starting emergency pumps check the bilge level is not rising,
  • If it is still rising open the bilge injection valve as a last resort.
39
Q

taking an A.C. generator off electrical load

A
  • Ensure that the incoming generator(s) is capable of taking the load,
  • Take offline while there is still a low load on the alternator but do not reduce the load too much or a reverse power trip may occur.
  • When transferring the load, check that the frequencies of the incoming machine(s) stay the same.
40
Q

What to isolate when isolating an AC Generator?

A
  • Switch to manual/local start,
  • Lock and label generator in ECR,
  • Isolate starting air
  • Engage turning gear,
  • Stop lube oil pumps after cooling down period,
  • Shut off fuel,
  • Lock and label all valves
41
Q

State four reasons for carrying out a scavenge space inspection

A
  • To monitor the space for fouling,
  • To check the condition of the cylinder liners,
  • To check the condition of the piston and crown,
  • To check the condition of the piston rings,
  • To check if the injectors are leaking,
  • To check the stuffing box seal.
42
Q

State FOUR reasons for a reciprocating compressor taking too long to fill the main air starting bottles

A
  • Inlet filter dirty.
  • Fouled intercooler.
  • Choked valves.
  • Worn liner.
  • Worn Piston Rings.
43
Q

State FOUR safety devices fitted to an air starting system of a large marine diesel engine

A
  • Flame trap.
  • Bursting disk.
  • Fuel / Air interlock governor is forced to zero.
  • Non return valve.
44
Q

Failure to test boiler water will result in

A
  • Scale build up will cause the boiler to overheat and burn out.
  • Feed water acidity will rise and corrode the internal parts of the system
45
Q

Outline TWO tests which are carried out on boiler water

A
  • Ph test – A ph test is carried out on a sample of the boiler water by placing a piece of litmus paper into the sample for a few moments. In some cases a reagent is required to be added to the sample to aide the test. When the paper is removed it has changed colour. This colour is then compared to a colour chart which has a scale of acidity/alkalinity and the ph can then be read off. Boiler water is ideally slightly alkaline.
  • Chloride Test – A chloride test is carried out to ascertain the amount of permanent hardness salts dissolved in the water. These permanent hardness salts are what cause scale build up. The test is carried out by drawing a set sample of boiler water into a test tube. Next a single reagent tablet is added and the sample is shaken vigorously. The sample should turn an orange colour. Then additional reagent tablets are added one at a time, shaking the sample in between, until the sample turns a rusty brown colour. At that point the number of tablets should be compared to the chart provided to give a reading of the chloride content.
46
Q

Class A

A

Flammable solids like Wood, paper, fabric etc This should be tackled using a water fire extinguisher as it puts out the fire and also has a cooling effect.

47
Q

Class B

A

– Flammable liquids like oil, petrol, paraffin etc This should be tackled using a foam fire extinguisher

48
Q

Class C

A

Flammable Gases like Propane, Butane, Methane etc This should be extinguished using a dry powder extinguisher.

49
Q

Class D

A

Flammable Metals like calcium, sodium etc This should be extinguished using a dry powder fire extinguisher.

50
Q

the procedure for running up and paralleling an alternator onto the board

A
  • Start the incoming generator and allow it to reach operating temperature,
  • Check that the voltage on the incoming machine matches the online machine. If not the excitation has to be adjusted,
  • Check that the frequency on the incoming machine is slightly higher than the online machine. This can be altered using the governor,
  • Turn on the check synchroniser to check the phase difference,
  • Adjust the governor on the engine until the check synchroniser is moving slowly clockwise,
  • When the check synchroniser is showing approx the 5 to 12 position put in the breaker. This will allow time for the user to press the button and the breaker to actually go in,
  • Adjust the governor to transfer load,
  • Check that the voltages.
51
Q

Sketch a watertight bulkhead

A
52
Q

State the stages of onboard preparation of heavy fuel oil prior to use

A
  • It is heated in the settling tank and allowed to naturally separate out. The water is regularly drained from the bottom.
  • It is then fed through a centrifugal separator and a clarifier to remove the water and further sediment before passing to the service tank.
  • In the service tank it is also heated and allowed to naturally separate out again.
  • The fuel is then pumped (to working pressure) through a fine filter to remove further sediment.
  • After passing through a fuel meter it is passed to the mixing column where new fuel mixes with un-burnt fuel returning from the engine.
  • The fuel now passes through the circulating pumps and onto the heaters which are controlled by the viscosity meter. This regulates the viscosity of the fuel so that it is correct for atomization.
  • After the heaters the fuel passes through the viscosity meter.
  • Finally the fuel passes through another filter before it goes to the engine. This filter stops any large sediment that may have dislodged from the pump.

IAMI EKS (1 decks)

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