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Command Oral > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

Is satellite navigation permitted?

A

YES

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2
Q

What is the Lower Safety Alignment Limit on PAR APCH?

A

If the aircraft goes below this line,
Final Controller will give the aircraft the instruction of G/A.

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3
Q

Any amendment on Japan Air Traffic Control Standard Procedures recently?

A

AIM J ATC Phraseology Climb via or Descend via SID/STAR

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4
Q

Do you have any authority on the passenger on board? (Article 73-4)

A

The PIC from the moment all external doors are closed for TO until any such door is opened for disembarkation, authority over any person which impedes the safety of the aircraft or persons onboard can adopt measures to restrain to suppress these acts or disembark the offending passenger.

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5
Q

If a passenger smokes in the Lavatory, what do you have to do?

A

Issue a Prohibition Order Letter since its a case where it is unruly behavior after recognizing it as unruly behavior. Passengers are briefed prior to flight and also the lavatory is placarded with no smoking signs. OM 6-S-39

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6
Q

If a passenger hits a CA, what do you have to do?

A

In Principle issue a Warning Letter

This situation is classified as Category 1 Behaviour:

Punishable offence against current law (e.g. criminal law) represented by the following behaviours:

Violence against crew members or passengers, damage to property

A Warning Letter will be issued:

A measure for Category 1 and 3 to firmly tell (WARN) the passenger that their behaviour is unlawful

CA shall warn them verbally, or present a Warning Letter to the passenger after obtaining the Captains permission
Written in 12 languages and says that the unruly behaviour is a violation of the Civil Aeronautics Law
Report to ground staff/operations and request assistance: Flight, Details of behaviour and Pax info
On the ground

Request assistance from Ground Staff. On the ground as the PIC you do not have the authority to offload the passengers. However as the PIC has the full and final responsibility for the safety of all persons on board and the safe operation of the aircraft, I will be stating to the Ground staff that they ARE to be offloaded. Along with this, passengers bags will be required to be offloaded, new W&B will be required to be sent to the aircraft as well. Getting witness statements and if necessary contact the Company directly and request Police to attend to the aircraft.

In Flight
Take necessary actions to ensure the safety of flight and of the passengers and crew:

Restrain passengers if necessary
Have them seated separately until landing
Contact the company and advise them of the situation and to have Police and Station Manager to meet the aircraft upon arrival
Divert to nearest Suitable airport if the safety of the flight is in danger
Get Cabin Crew to take eyewitness statements
Call upon ANA Staff/DH Crew to assist CA’s if necessary
Inform ATC of the fact that passengers are restrained if required

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7
Q

What is the PIC Authority based on Law?

A

Article 73.
AUTHORITY to direct, supervise and delegate tasks to crew members in performing their duties.

Full and final RESPONSIBILITY for the overall safety of flight all persons and cargo on board.

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8
Q

What kind of item does “Obligation to Report (Article 76)” have? (4 classifications)

A

Stipulates that the PIC is obligated to report certain matters. These can be classified into four groups:

Article 76 (1) Accidents
Article 76 (2) Accidents to other aircraft
Article 76 (3) Any malfunction to a ground facility or any other incident on the ground
Article 76-2 Any dangerous situation occurring on the aircraft

OM S-8-3 lists the items that are required to be reported and should be used when required.

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9
Q

Regarding “Obligation to Report (Article 76)”, any reporting items based on voluntary
action by the company other than specified by Law?

A

OM S-8-3 lists the items that are required to be reported and should be used when required. ASR (2) items required by the company

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10
Q

What is the company operation policy for RTO decision?

A

RTO Policy–Go Mindedness
The idea of Go-mindedness is that except for the occurrence of a hinderance where there is a serious doubt that the airplane can safely fly, it is safer to continue the takeoff than to reject from a point near V1
To reduce unnecessary high speed RTO’s

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11
Q

Is the controllability of steering varied by the taxi speed?

A
  1. Nose Wheel Steering Tiller provides 75* turn in either direction
  2. Rudder pedals provide 6*
  3. Tiller overides rudder

At higher speeds you must use caution in regards to using the tiller as it becomes very sensitive. It is recommended that when on a straight taxiway that rudder pedals are used, as they provide enough ability for steering.

At lower speeds the tiller is the best method for turning, especially under slippery conditions where the speed must be kept to 3kts. Caution to be used to avoid nose wheel skidding or slipping.

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12
Q

How about the controllability of Rudder?

A

It is recommended that when on a straight taxiway that rudder pedals are used, as they provide enough ability for steering.

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13
Q

List up the three of the specific characteristics of Narita airport.

A
  1. Can experience very strong crosswinds and windshear conditions in April/May due to the undulating terrain on the south west side of the airport
  2. Noise abatement procedures are in effect for all runways.
  3. Curfew operations
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14
Q

What is the local procedure such as speed control and lowering the gear for?

A

No speed control on any approach procedure now.
Gear lowering requirement on 34L prior to 11.9DME
34R prior to 13.6DME, and recommended by NOTAM for 16L/R not between to 5.5-4DME

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15
Q

It says the landing flap should be set at or later than 4NM on Final. How do you think of
this procedure in relation to the Stabilized approach? If unable to comply, is the pilot’s
request necessary?

A

Jepp Ref Noise Abatement Procedures
The final authority to apply these procedures rests on each PIC, who may use other appropriate procedures if determined to be necessary in the interest of safety.
4nm=1400’ AMSL approx.
No need to request.

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16
Q

What is the difference between Simultaneous Parallel approach and Parallel approach?

A

Prescribed radar separation is provided between aircraft on the adjacent runway(RJAA 2nm-since grater than 4,300’ separation between rwy centerlines)
Simultaneous parallel ILS approaches no radar separation is provided by establishing a no transgression zone (NTZ) between 2 runways. With track monitoring provided.

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17
Q

What is the difference between Simultaneous Parallel departure and Parallel departure?

A

Prescribed radar separation is provided between aircraft on the adjacent runway(RJAA 2nm-since grater than 4,300’ separation between rwy centerlines)
Simultaneous parallel departures no radar separation is provided by establishing a no transgression zone (NTZ) between 2 runways. Track monitoring is provided.

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18
Q

When XXX VOR/DME is unserviceable, how do you fly RNAV1 SID?(e.g. the same situation is applicable on RJGG departure, CHITA-1 Dep when KCC U/S)

A

IRS as the nav system. As long as DME Gap doesn’t exceed 14nm. Or GPS as long as no RAIM hole exists.

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19
Q

Which route is flown from the destination to the alternate?

A

Longest route and then longest departure and arrival is added

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20
Q

What is the MEA of this route?

A
  1. Highest MEA is FL270 on M750
  2. ENVAR to MOMPA
  3. Minimum altitude for obstacle clearance to between NAVAIDS that assures acceptable navigation signal coverage
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21
Q

The difference R, C and S of Wheelchair PAX?

A

OM S-7

WCHC

  1. Wheelchair Cabin
  2. Can not walk, move from seat to another seat no evacuate them selves
  3. Needs Assistance OM S-7-5
  4. Maximum of 2 without an Attendant
  5. Not limited by shall be adjusted for passenger handling

WCHS

  1. Cannot go up/down stairs

WCHR

  1. Can walk and go up/down stairs
  2. Requires wheelchair to move in an airport facility
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22
Q

Max allowable number of WCHR,C,S PAX?

A

Maximum of 2 without an Attendant for WCHC

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23
Q

How does a WCHC passenger do EVAC if he/she doesn’t have an “Attendant”?

A
  1. CA will assist in evacuation or EE (Evacuation Escort) shall be secured if WCHC exceeds max number of 2
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24
Q

What is the characteristics of Lithium-ion Battery?

A

OM S-6-7

  1. Very small
  2. High energy density
  3. Can catch fire due to structural damage due from an external shock or overcharging
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25
Q

What is the procedure when this battery catches fire in the cockpit?

A

OM S-6-7

  1. Apply firefighting procedures with extinguisher right away
  2. Don smoke goggles and oxygen mask
  3. Immediately call for CA to come to cockpit via PA system
  4. Turn off device immediately
  5. Disconnect external charging source if being used
  6. Once fire is out, submerge device in water or non-flammable liquid after its cooled enough in a suitable container such as cockpit waste bin, galley unit or draw
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26
Q

Any cautious point when using Halon Extinguisher?

A
  1. Fumes can be toxic
  2. Use smoke goggles and O2 mask if available
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27
Q

Any overspeed protection system equipped with A320

A
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28
Q

What is your counter measure for overspeed of flaps?

A
  1. Set final landing flap early in gusty conditions
  2. Watch PM is setting correct flap
  3. If going planning a Flap 30 landing, go: 20, 25, 30
  4. Bug back to next manoeuvring speed as soon as flap is selected
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29
Q

Explain “Calculating Standard for Fuel Loading”

A

Requirement by Law:

  1. Burn off
  2. Contingency
  3. Alternate
  4. Reserve
  5. Taxi

Company additional:

  1. Extra
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30
Q

What is the sum of RSV and ALT used for?

A

Diversion to ALT airport and to land with required RSV

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31
Q

Narita T/O Minimum?

A

16L 200’/1600m
16R 0’/200m
34L 200’/800m
34R 0’/400m

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32
Q

What/Where is the obstacle in relation to T/O Minimum?

A

FPDM

16L Tree 1,220’/370m 180’
Tree 1,330’/410m 183’
16R Tree 5,480’/1,670m 238’
34L Tree 2,740’/840m 179’
34R Tree 5,760’/1,760m 236’

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33
Q

When GPS RAIM Hole exists at the airport, how do you fly for departure climb?
(e.g. the same situation is applicable on RJGG departure, CHITA-1 Dep when GPS RAIM
Hole exists)

A

Using DME/DME/IRS as long as no DME Gap exceeds 14nm (ie Critical DME are in service) as nav sensor.

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34
Q

If you forget to enter POS SHIFT on FMS for the inter-section T/O, what happens?

A

If GPS is updating sensor then POS SHIFT is inhibited. If not entered then map is updated to the threshold of the departure runway.

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35
Q

How do you know the DME GAP on RNAV5 Routes?

A

Published in route manual

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36
Q

The difference between RNAV1 and Basic-RNP1?

A

Onboard alerting and monitoring, required equipment, Radar service requirement and SOP.

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37
Q

What is the difference in the monitoring between RNAV1 and RNP1

A

RNAV 1

Onboard alerting and monitoring not required
Deviations will be monitored by ATC

RNP 1

Onboard alerting and monitoring is required
Deviations monitored by Flight Crew
Only navigate by GPS
Must enter or verify RNP value according to the procedure
Must verify that GPS updating

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38
Q

How do you anticipate the THREAT at this airport (departure airport)?

A

.

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39
Q

Explain the mechanism of RWSL. (RWSL also implemented in RJTT)

A

AIM-J 1-16 / 12-25 and RMB ATC Japan 43

A fully automated warning system that provides runway status information to pilots and surface vehicle operators when it is unsafe to enter, cross or takeoff from a runway.

Lights automatically indicate to aircraft or vehicles that the runway is occupied

Consists of:

  1. Runway Entrance Lights (REL)
  2. Takeoff Hold Lights (THL)
  3. Maybe replaces with Variable Message Sign (VMS)
  4. Not controlled by ATC and operated by Multilateration
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40
Q

Explain any restricted airspace along your route.

A

Japan FIR

6.MT Fuji: up to FL160

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41
Q

How are you manage the situation when decompression?

A

By delcaring an Emergency, you have priority over everything. Apply IDPE and GO FORCE

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42
Q

How do you know if the restricted airspace is HOT or COLD?

A

By NOTAM or Charted

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43
Q

How does ATC control the NTZ on Simultaneous Parallel Approach?

A

By Radar using Track monitoring which is continued after transferring to tower. Terminates when the tower has the aircraft visual. Simultaneous Parallel App Requires 4,300’ or more separation between runway centerlines.

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44
Q

How about for Parallel Approach?

A

Through prescribed radar separation minima. In RJAA 2nm separation since more than 4,300’ separation between runway centerlines

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45
Q

The requirements for letting FO manipulate aircraft control?

A

Weather conditions at departure or destination equal to or great than BASIC 1 captain minima
1/2 times or less the max X wind
DRY, DAMP or WET(GROOVED)
No system malfunction
Allowable landing weight not restricted landing on rwy 2,000m or more

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46
Q

Any procedures for switching the control?

A

OM 8-12
The Captain and co-pilot shall make clear call out upon transferring of control
During flight the Captain shall resume control when the co-pilot doesn’t conform to the requirement(outside co-pilots limitations), or co-pilot manipulation is not appropriate.
At or below 300’ in final app phase the captain shall takeover immediately if the co-pilot manipulation is not satisfactory. Instead of just giving instruction or advises

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47
Q

Any decision standard for G/A when long touch down?

A

If landing outside the touchdown zone 750-2000’ make a GA

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48
Q

If Lost communication occurs soon after Takeoff, what is the lost communication
procedures? Which altitude are you climbing to?

A

Altitude:
If failure occurs at or after MEA or initial assigned altitude then 7 minutes AFTER squawking 7600 climb to Flight Plan filed cruise altitude
If failure occurs prior to reaching MEA, climb to MEA then 7 minutes AFTER reaching MEA, climb to Flight Plan filed cruise altitude
Try to establish communications using all available methods:

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49
Q

If that happens during Radar Vector, what are you going to do?

A

When being vectored if the target point has been specified then proceed to that point, if not specified proceed to the nearest fix on the route after selecting 7600

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50
Q

Any restrictions when MEL is applied?

A

The MEL should only be used in such cases where repairs or replacement cannot be made within a scheduled stay time due to lack of spare parts, facilities, personnel and or time. If the PIC made judgment that the inoperative item should be repaired considering overall circumstances the AE(OM) shall repair it before departure regardless of the conformity with MEL requirement.

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51
Q

Any limitation of the number of MEL items simultaneously?

A

No Limitation. However interrelationship between inoperative items and the effect on the aircraft operation and crew workload shall be considered to maintain acceptable level of safety.

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52
Q

If no consensus has been formed between Pilots and Mechanics when applying MEL,
What are you going to do?

A

If a consensus has not been reached between Pilot and Mechanics the MEL cannot by applied. The final judgement on the application of the MEL is from the PIC

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53
Q

The flow of issuing the Prohibition Order?

A

Verbal Instruction from CA
Report to Captain and deliver Prohibition Order Letter
Confirm behaviour again ask Police on stby
Keep witness or evidence
Take restraint
Emergency landing
Handover to Ground personnel/Police
Submit ASR with copy of PO letter

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54
Q

The relation between the Prohibition Order and PIC?

A

Cat 2 is a violation against against Aviation Law 73-4 and 164-15 of the Regulations and punishable.
The Prohibition Order comes after reporting to the Captain. So it is issued under the command of the captain

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55
Q

When do you decide Minimum Fuel?

A

If the current FMC route and calculated fuel prediction has arrival fuel at Reserve plus Alternate fuel. I would declare Minimum fuel situation.

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56
Q

If you want the priority for arrival, what are you going to do?

A

AIM J 791. Says Declare an emergency.

PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN fuel remaining 50 minutes request approach clearance without delay.

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57
Q

When do you decide Emergency for Low Fuel? How much Fuel Quantity in pound do you
decide?

A

If on the current FMC route and calculated fuel prediction has arrival fuel below 5000lbs I would declare Emergency for Low Fuel.

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58
Q

Explain Authority and Responsibility of PIC.

A

CAL Article 73: The PIC shall direct and supervise those who perform their duties on board the aircraft

OM - 10 Authority and Responsibility of the Captain

Captain shall have full and final authority for exercising judgement and taking actions to ensure the safety of the flight
During flight, the Captain shall assume the full responsibility for the safety of all persons and cargo on board the aircraft and foe the safe operation of the the aircraft
The captain shall direct and supervise all other crew members on board his aircraft in performing their duties
The Captain may delegate a part of his duty to another flight crew member
The Captain shall not leave the flight deck for the purpose of taking rest unless the Deputy Captain takes the pilot seat
A flight crew member qualified for the Area/Airport shall take the pilot seat during takeoff and landing
The Captain shall be on the flight deck during takeoff and landing to the extent possible even if they are not in charge of manipulating the aircraft
When the Captain leaves the flight deck they shall be required to give instructions to their proxy about items anticipated, and receive reports related to the operations during their absence immediately upon their return
The Captain shall assume the responsibility for keeping the Journey Log and Radio Log

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59
Q

The passengers began fighting each other. What are you doing?

A

This situation is classified as Category 1 Behaviour:

Punishable offence against current law (e.g. criminal law) represented by the following behaviours:

Hijacking or damaging an aircraft
Violence against crew members or passengers, damage to property

A Warning Letter will be issued to both passengers:

A measure for Category 1 and 3 to firmly tell (WARN) the passenger that their behaviour is unlawful
CA shall warn them verbally, or present a Warning Letter to the passenger after obtaining the Captains permission
Written in 12 languages and says that the unruly behaviour is a violation of the Civil Aeronautics Law
Report to ground staff/operations and request assistance: Flight, Details of behaviour and Pax info

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60
Q

What are you doing if the above fight (between 2 passengers) happens after the all door close?

A

In Flight
Take necessary actions to ensure the safety of flight and of the passengers and crew:

Restrain passengers if necessary
Have them seated separately until landing
Contact the company and advise them of the situation and to have Police and Station Manager to meet the aircraft upon arrival
Divert to nearest Suitable airport if the safety of the flight is in danger
Get Cabin Crew to take eyewitness statements
Call upon ANA Staff/DH Crew to assist CA’s if necessary
Inform ATC of the fact that passengers are restrained if required

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61
Q

Explain Category Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ.

A

Category 1

Punishable offence against current law (e.g. criminal law) represented by the following behaviours:

Hijacking or damaging an aircraft
Violence against crew members or passengers, damage to property

Category 2

Violation of the Aeronautics Law and a “Prohibition Order” will be issued:

Operating the handle or other mechanism of a cabin door or emergency exit
Smoking in the lavatory
Action that interfere with the duties of the crew members and which may hinder the safety of the a/c
Using an electronic device prohibited by the notification of MLIT
Not fastening the seat belt when ordered to by the Captain
Not returning the back of the seat table, foot rest to the original position during takeoff or landing (critical phase)
Leaving baggage where it may obstruct during an emergency evacuation
Operating, moving or damaging emergency equipment or devices

Category 3

Behaviours specified that are violation of the Aeronautics Law but NOT TO BE PUNISHED, including behaviours to disturb good order on board or behave against discipline on board. Eg:

Smoking in no-smoking area (except lavatory)
Shouting or making noise with out reasonable reason

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62
Q

What are you doing if they don’t stop fighting?

A

On the ground

Request assistance from Ground Staff. On the ground as the PIC you do not have the authority to offload the passengers. However as the PIC has the full and final responsibility for the safety of all persons on board and the safe operation of the aircraft, I will be stating to the Ground staff that they ARE to be offloaded. Along with this, passengers bags will be required to be offloaded, new W&B will be required to be sent to the aircraft as well. Getting witness statements and if necessary contact the Company directly and request Police to attend to the aircraft.

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63
Q

Difference between Warning Letter and Prohibition Order?

A

Warning Letter

A measure for Category 1 and 3 to firmly tell (WARN) the passenger that their behaviour is unlawful
CA shall warn them verbally, or present a Warning Letter to the passenger after obtaining the Captains permission
Written in 12 languages and says that the unruly behaviour is a violation of the Civil Aeronautics Law
Report to ground staff/operations and request assistance: Flight, Details of behaviour and Pax info
Prohibition Order Letter

Issues for Category 2
CA shall present a Prohibition Order Letter to the passenger after obtaining the Captains permission
Written in 12 languages and mentions the procedure to fine the passenger against the Regulations
Report to ground staff/operations and request assistance: Flight, Details of behaviour and Pax info

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64
Q

What is the obligation of all Pilots instead of PIC regarding Maintaining Watch?

A

Ref CAL 71-2 Says Any person who is piloting an aircraft shall, while in flight, maintain a watch so as to not collide with other aircraft or objects when weather permits.

65
Q

What is Contingency Fuel used for and how is it calculated?

A

The fuel that is carried to allow for difference in actual Temperatures, Wind strength, Flight level, flight weight, aircraft performance or use of anti ice.
for example
Greater of: 5% of Burn Off Fuel or the amount required for 5 minutes holding under ISA conditions
Estimated Landing Weight at Destination
Assumed to be consumed by the time the aircraft lands at Destination, but for weight calculation it is not considered to be consumed

66
Q

What is PCF? Difference from CON?

A

PCF is a standard amount of fuel the company has decided for each route. Its based on statistical processing of actual results.
Difference from Contingency Fuel is that PCF is a Specified Amount as opposed to Contingency Fuel which will vary depending on the the Burn Off Fuel and Flight time.

67
Q

What situation do we need to select two alternate airports?

A

When the weather at the destination airport is forecast to below the Landing Minima intermittently at the ETA

However in the case where the CIG and VIS indicates AT or ABOVE 1500’ and 5000m at the ETA of the first Alternate Airport, the second Alternate Airport is not required

68
Q

What did you check regarding GPS availability?

A

NOTAMS:
GPS Constellation Status : Orbital Plan and Total number of Satellites (if less than 24 then cannot do RNAV5, but no problems as navigate by NAVAIDS)

GPS RAIM for Approach/Terminal Prediction: ensure countries and destination and if applicable alternate

On Flight Plan: RAIM FOR TERMINAL INFORMATION : NIL or specified Time

69
Q

What was updated in Jan 2016?

A

Operational Standard for the use of GPS when flying under Instrument Flight Rules.
GPS can be used as the main Nav system for RNAV in operations where GNSS or GPS is required, DME Gap exceeds 14nm during RNAV1 or 2 flight or DME Gap exceeds 100nm for RNAV5 flight.

70
Q

What is the Engine Failure Reference Procedure?

(12 items its based on)

A

These are established as the reference for takeoff with one engine failure at airports of which surrounding geographic conditions are relatively rigorous, etc. taking in consideration the following conditions:

Engine failure at V1
Runway is dry
OAT highest of normal monthly average
QNH 2992
Nil wind
CONF 2
TOW: maximum for the runway
V2 climb
Engine Out Accel height: 1500’ AFE
Bank angle 25*
Aircon ON
ANTI-ICE: Off

Regarding missed approach, EFRP are established in case the obstacle clearance is insufficient with one engine failure. Eg. VHHH

SID’s do not take into account an Engine Failure and therefore climb gradients may not necessarily be met.

71
Q

What is the Obstacle Limit Weight? Explain the climb gradient in each case of two
engines and single engine.

A

The weight that the aircraft can still satisfy the below requirements.
Requirements
Clear all obstacles in an area 300 feet plus 0.125D where D is the horizontal distance the aircraft has travelled from the runway threshold by 35ft
If heading change is 15* or less, obstacles greater than 2000 feet on either side of the intended track need not be cleared
If heading change greater than 15*, obstacles greater than 3000 feet on either side of the intended track need not be cleared

The requirement is 2.4% in the second segment which is most limiting.

72
Q

What are you doing when Radio Communication failure happens soon after initiation of
radar vector on BEACH-1 Departure from RJAA? Explain in each case of metrological
condition: VMC or IMC?

A

VMC

Maintain VMC
Squawk 7600
Land at nearest airport with which a safe landing is possible
Try to establish communications using all available methods:
3 VHF radios
2 HF radios
SATCOM
ACARS with the company
“TRANSMITTING IN THE BLIND”
If landing at a Towered airport, look for light signals from the tower and acknowledged accordingly

IMC

Squawk 7600
Route:
Follow the assigned route in the ATC clearance
When being vectored if the target point has been specified then proceed to that point, if not specified proceed to the nearest fix on the route

Altitude:
If failure occurs at or after MEA or initial assigned altitude then 7 minutes AFTER squawking 7600 climb to Flight Plan filed cruise altitude
If failure occurs prior to reaching MEA, climb to MEA then 7 minutes AFTER reaching MEA, climb to Flight Plan filed cruise altitude
Try to establish communications using all available methods:
3 VHF radios
2 HF radios
SATCOM
ACARS with the company

“TRANSMITTING IN THE BLIND”
If landing at a Towered airport, look for light signals from the tower and acknowledged accordingly

73
Q

In case you are requested to apply a MEL at the aircraft, what is the standard procedure?

A

PIC Actions
Make the disposition whether appropriate MEL will be applied or not in accordance with the explanation of discrepancy, cause, appropriate MEL from AE(OM) and from Flight Dispatcher if operational restriction is required, with considering operational circumstances.
Check that the required maintenance actions have been accomplished. Make sure the conclusion of the flight dispatcher is appropriate and revised flight plan meets MEL requirement. Exercise judgement whether or not to commence the flight with MEL items.
Confirm again the record of applied MEL is correctly written on the Journey Log and Radio Log before departure.

74
Q

What is the maximum allowable altimeter reading difference?

A

Three checks of the altimeters are required:

Confirm the difference between primary altimeter and field elevation is within 75’
Confirm the difference between the two primary altimeter is within 40’
In flight confirm the difference between the two primary altimeters is within 200’

75
Q

About the mutual confirmation of the main altimeters.

A

In flight confirm the difference between the two primary altimeters is within 200’ for RVSM airspace

76
Q

What was the problem in your company’s case of the PAR APCH including CRM?

A

almost crashed

77
Q

What is the regulation to the Obligation of Report of PIC?

A

CAL Article 76 - Obligation to Report

PIC is obligated to report certain matters. These can be classified into four groups:

Article 76 (1) Accidents
Article 76 (2) Accidents to other aircraft
Article 76 (3) Any malfunction to a group facility or any other incident on the ground
Article 76-2 Any dangerous situation occurring on the aircraft

78
Q

What case do you have to report?

A

OM S-8-3 lists the items that are required to be reported and should be used when required.

79
Q

In case of GPWS? Are all GPS warnings and cautions mandatory item?

A

Yes, however there are 2 exceptions to this as listed in the OM:

For “DON’T SINK”, excluding the occurrence while occurring during Level Off for the purpose of training or for flight procedures eg. Departing from ROAH
For “GLIDE SLOPE”, report only be needed for the occurrence when following the Glide Slope e.g. Not when on a LOC approach or Circling Approach from an ILS

80
Q

What about in case of “Monitor Vertical Speed” of TCAS RA?

A

Any TCAS RA must be reported as stipulated by RMB. ASR.

81
Q

What are you doing when the alternate airport has been closed?

A

Captain and Flight Dispatcher will:

If possible change the alternate airport on the basis of fuel endurance

or

Utilise the No Alternate Airport requirements:
Flight time to destination not more than 6 hours
WX forecast for at least 1 hour before ETA to 1 hour after ETA is:
Ceiling will be greater of 1500’ above DH/MDA or 2000’ AFE
Visibility will be greater of 5000 or RVR/VIZ + 3200m

or

Change the destination

82
Q

What is the requirement for continue flying to the destination airport?

A

Captain and Flight Dispatcher will check:

If the Alternate Airport weather is forecast to be at or above a ceiling of 1500’ and visibility of 5000m at the ETA

or

If able to hold over the destination, taking into account fuel remaining, until the weather conditions are forecast to improve

If either of these are possible flight may continue to Destination.

If either of these are not possible then the following applies:

Change the Destination Airport or
Select and Additional Alternate Airport

83
Q

What are the counter measures when climbing and descending?VMo MMo.

A

Modify CLB/DESCENT speeds when flying into or out of high wind speeds
Use V/S during climb
On descent start early when coming out of strong tailwinds so that the descent rate is gradually increasing
Be aware that VNAV will only command a gradual pitch increase (passenger comfort) if speed approaches limits and takes time to recognise the situation

84
Q

When do you make a decision to continue/go around if RVR goes worse? Approach Ban

A

OM 5-3-5 (2)
A specified point on the approach where a pilot may not continue beyond unless:
The weather is at or above the minima weather concerned for the Capt
RVR is above 200m
Also regards to equipment failure

Points

FAF, OM, 1000’AFE, as specified in the Pink Pages

85
Q

When do you make a decision to continue/go around if the wind gets close to maximum
crosswind.

A

OM S-3-7
Confirm reported wind when receiving landing clearance. Confirm wind at 500’
App and landing can be continued despite the wind report if the flight crew members judges can land safely with normal manipulation.

86
Q

What is the cautionary point when rough air?

A

Windshear.

87
Q

Please show me the effectiveness of EFB such as iOS version No., etc.

A

Make sure everything is up to date effective dates by NOTAM.

88
Q

Explain the Duty of the PIC?

Prior to Departure
Inflight
Post Flight

A

Captains duties OM 8-11

Prior to departure
Conf prior to departure
-state of maintenance of said aircraft and equipment
-TOW, LW, CG and loading of AC
-Information furnished by the MLITT - flight information - ie notams
-Weather for route of flight
-loaded quantity and quality of fuel and lubricating oil
-safety of the loads
-health of the crew
-document check and hand carry items (OM, Licences, CIQ, RM, flashlight, EFB & charge device)
-Op Flt Plan check and agree with dispatcher
-agree with dispatches intention and amend by mutual agreement
-brief crew, check pax briefed and brief jump seater - remember brief jump seater on belt policy and sterile
cockpit and emer pros including hijacking.
Conf prior to dep, Health, handies (docs) Ofp, brief crew,JS and conf pax briefed

In flight
-conduct flight per state rules
-normally manipulate - or delegate to FO
-direct and supervise
-revise company clearance as nec

Post flight
-debreif
-submit reports
-direct pax through CIQ when no gnd staff present
-notify maintenance of snags

89
Q

Describe the Validity of Command?

A

OM 3-3-4:
All crew members are considered under the Captains command from the moment they report for flight duty until such time as they are relieved of all duties assigned to them. All CA are considered under the Captains command from the moment they report for flight duty at the prearranged place where Preflight Briefing is performed or if the briefing is performed on the aircraft, from the moment the Captain comes onboard the aircraft until they complete entry formalities after completing all duties assigned to them

90
Q

What is the Authority and Responsibility of the Captain?

A

OM 8-10
Full and final responsibility
- for safety of flight
- all persons and cargo on board
- direction and supervision of crew
- delegations of tasks
- log book and GD
-shall not leave flight deck unless - dept capt takes seat if leaving for purpose of rest
- instructions given to proxy - comms - div etc
shall be in Flight Deck for TO and landing and have area/airport qualed pilot in pilots seat

91
Q

At 100’ when landing what must the crew NOT do?

A
  1. Descend using ALS or RAI as a reference unless,
  2. The red Terminating Barrettes, Red Side Row Barrettes or the other visual references must also be distinctly visible and identifiable
92
Q

Can reverse thrust be used on an RTO following an engine fire indication

A

Yes, in order to establish the maximum deceleration configuration at the earliest, use all reversers even where there is an engine fire warning

93
Q

Can the Captain change the company clearance during flight without consulting the Flight Dispatcher?

A

Yes, provided that this change does not seriously affect fuel planning and flight watch duties

94
Q

Can the Captain ever land overweight?

A

In an emergency situation, the Captain may land overweight at their discretion in the interest of safety

95
Q

Can vertical visibility be used as a substitute to ceiling in a forecast?

A

When vertical visibility is reported instead of cloud conditions, the value of vertical visibility can be used as the height of the ceiling

96
Q

Define a precision approach (3 items)

A
  1. DH not less than 200’
  2. RVR not less than 550m
  3. CMV not less than 800m
97
Q

Definition of Alternate fuel

A

Fuel required to to fly to and land at the Alternate airport after having conducted a Go-around at the destination airport

98
Q

Definition of Burn Off fuel

A

Amount of fuel required to fly to, and land at the destination from takeoff at the departure airport

99
Q

Definition of Extra fuel

A

Fuel loaded for the following reasons:

ATC
WX conditions enroute, destination, alternate
Fuel loading procedure
Other reasons such as Captains discreation

100
Q

Definition of Reserve fuel

A

Fuel required to hold for 30 minutes under ISA conditions at 1500’

101
Q

Definition of Taxi fuel

A

Amount of fuel required from engine start until takeoff

102
Q

Definition of Contingency fuel

A

The greater of:

5% of Burn off fuel

or

5 minutes of holding under ISA conditions at 1500’

103
Q

Explain the Noise Abatement Takeoff Climb (NADPA - steepest climb)

A
  1. Climb at T/O thrust and @ V2 + 10 to 20kts
  2. At 1500’ reduce to climb thrust maintain speed
  3. At 3000’ begin flap retraction and accelerate to enroute climb speed
104
Q

For what contingencies should the Captain inform the ATC unit of, when RVSM assigned altitude cannot be maintained

A

Inform ATC of any of the following:
- Failure of ALL automatic altitude control systems
- When two altimetry systems cannot be maintained
- Failure of ALL transponders
- Loss of thrust on an engine necessitating descent
- Any other equipment failure affecting the ability to maintain assigned altitude (rapid depress / smoke etc.)
- Encountering greater than moderate turbulence

105
Q

How can an aircraft acknowledge light signals emitted from the control tower during lost communications?

A

It is day and night dependant:
- Day time = Rock the wings
- Night time = Flash the landing lights on and off twice

106
Q

How can the tower communicate to an aircraft that has suffered a communications failure?

A

Some possible light communications are:
- Steady green = Cleared to land
- Steady red = Give way to other aircraft and continue circling
- Flashing red = Do not land
- Alternating green and red = Exercise extreme caution

107
Q

How do you know when you are clear of the ILS critical area?

A

When the alternating lights become steady green

108
Q

How is a TEMPO interpreted during flight planning?

A

When a TEMPO indicates that the weather conditions are forecast to be below the company minima, the TEMPO shall be regarded as being ABOVE the minima at the stage of planning. This is not the case however if synthetic analysis of all weather data, information and judgement indicate that is really is below the company minima

109
Q

How is reserve fuel calculated, and at what aircraft weight?

A

t is 30 minutes holding at 1500ft in ISA conditions. If an alternate is selected, it is calculated at the estimated landing weight at the ALTERNATE airport

110
Q

How is the Alternate route for Alternate fuel calculations made

A
  1. Longest route out off all SIDS and STARS
  2. Does not include the Missed approach

Therefore: Longest missed approach is added to the length of the alternate route

111
Q

How is taxi fuel calculated?

A

At ramp weight

112
Q

How many individual altimeter checks are required prior to and during RVSM operations?

A

There are 3 separate checks that need to be made on the altimeters. They are as follows:
- On the ground, the maximum difference between the Captain and Co-pilot altimeters is 40ft
- On the ground, the maximum difference between the Captain / Co-pilot altimeter and field elevation is 75ft
- In the air, the maximum allowable difference between the Captain and Co-pilot altimeters is 200ft

113
Q

How many Weights need to be considered for Take Off limit weight and what are they?

A

Nine
1. Field limit weight
2. Obstacle limit weight
3. Climb limit weight
4. Maximum allowable Landing Weight + Burn off fuel
5. Maximum Zero fuel weight + Fuel on board - Taxi fuel
6. Enroute limit weight
7. Brake energy limit weight
8. Tyre speed limit weight
9. Structural limit weight

114
Q

How much spacing is between the taxiway center line lights?

A

30 m on straight portions and 15 m on high-speed taxiways and the taxiways usuable when RVR is less than 350m

115
Q

How wide is a runway with 16 and 12 threshold marking stripes?

A

60m and 45m

116
Q

If the ceiling is reported as being below the landing minima, but the reported visibility is above the landing minima, does a departure alternate airport need to be nominated?

A

No. Even when the ceiling is reported to be below the DH/MDH it can be treated as being above landing minima as long as enough visual reference is available. The reported ground visibility should be judged to be above landing minima

117
Q

If the destination airport is closed temporarily (perhaps due to a disabled aircraft / security threat / etc.), can the aircraft continue towards the destination?

A

Yes, after considering the weather conditions at the airport concerned, the flight time to the destination, and the amount of fuel remaining. If it is anticipated that the safety of the flight will be interfered with, the destination shall be changed

118
Q

Is contingency fuel assumed to be used in fuel planning?

A

Yes, in planning it’s assumed to be consumed by the time the aircraft lands at the destination. In calculating allowable landing weight however, it is not considered to be used

119
Q

Is manoeuvring for a TCAS TA recommended?

A

The pilot shall not manoeuver their airplane in response to a TA only, without any visual acquisition with conflicting aircraft

120
Q

Pre-flight, when are 2 alternate airports required?

A

When the weather conditions at the destination airport are forecast to be below the landing minima intermittently at the ETA, at least 2 alternates shall be selected. However, if the forecast CIG and VIS indicates at or above 1,500ft and 5,000m at the estimated time of arrival of the alternate airport, then other alternate airport is not required

121
Q

Should the Captain make a PA regarding turbulence?

A

The Captain shall make an announcement to provide information about the turbulence (time, level, duration etc.). When any turbulence is expected the Captain or cabin attendants shall inform passengers about the turbulence PRIOR to turning on the seatbelt sign

122
Q

What are some considerations after having conducted an RTO

A
  1. Necessity of an emergency evacuation and notification to passengers
  2. Rise in brake temperatures: necessity of brake cooling, influence on taxi speed and time and use of parking brake
  3. Information to mechanics: risk of tyre burst, information regading the RTO such as speed etc necessary for brake energy calculation
123
Q

What are some considerations after landing in Low visibility? (6)

A
  1. Slow down to an appropriate speed prior to exiting the runway
  2. Keep the taxiway centreline
  3. Confirm the markings
  4. Maintain communication with the tower
  5. Stop if necessary
  6. Prior planning on exits and taxiways to be used is a must to avoid confusion
124
Q

What are some indications of volcanic ash?

A

The following may indicate the presence of volcanic ash:
- Smoke or ash in the cockpit or cabin
- A smell similar to electrical smoke
- Multiple engine malfunctions such as stalls, increasing EGT, fluctuating parameters, torching from tailpipe etc.
- St. Elmo’s fire
- A bright orange glow in the engine inlets
- False cargo fire warnings
- Shadows cast by the landing lights
- Reduction in visibility, or reduction in landing light effectiveness at night

125
Q

What are the 3 phases of search and rescue?

A

They are:
- Uncertainty phase
- Alert phase
- Distress phase

126
Q

What are the 4 maximum wind categories to be considered prior to landing?

A

They are:
- Crosswind
- Tailwind
- Wind components for autoland (Headwind, tailwind, crosswind)
- Crosswind for Cat I i.e vis < 1200m

127
Q

What are the 5 checks required by the Captain prior to departure?

A

The Captain shall check and ensure the following items:
- All passengers have completed boarding
- Dangerous goods have been loaded in accordance with transport of dangerous goods rules
- All exterior doors have been locked
- All obstacles except ground equipment necessary for engine start and push back have been removed from the airplane
- The seat assignment of passengers is appropriate. This confirmation shall be conducted by the Chief Purser

128
Q

What are the alternate minima for Basic 1 Captain

A

Use CAT 1 values
ILS - 600’ / 3200m
NP - 800’ / 3200m
CIRCLING - 800’ / 3200m

129
Q

What are the Captain’s obligations if the sealed certification holder is found to be unsealed?

A

The Captain shall check whether the seal is broken or not. When the seal is broken, then Captain shall check each document in the certification holder and report it to maintenance personnel. The aircraft many still depart, unless however the documents are lost

130
Q

What are the Captain’s responsibilities regarding checking weather and fuel approaching top of descent?

A

Approaching top of descent, the Captain shall check the weather at the destination and the alternate airports. The Captain shall also determine whether an approach to the destination can be made or not, as well as the amount of fuel to cope with contingencies such as go-around, detour or delay instructed by ATC

131
Q

What are the required hand carry articles for the flight crew? (8)

A
132
Q

What are the requirements if while enroute; the destination airport weather conditions are forecasted to be below the Captain’s landing minima?

A

The following will occur:
- The Captain and Flight Dispatcher will make contact with each other via flight watch methods
- The flight will not continue towards the destination airport UNLESS:
- An ADDITIONAL alternate airport is selected
- However, this ADDITIONAL alternate airport is NOT required if:
- Holding is possible over the destination until the weather conditions improve OR:
- When the alternate airport weather conditions are forecast to be above 1500ft and 5000m visibility at the ETA, or when the aircraft diverts to the alternate airport

133
Q

What defines the Approach ban?

A
  1. FAF
  2. Outer marker
  3. 1000’ AFE
134
Q

What is an approach ban?

A

An approach ban is the forbidding of continuing the approach beyond a specified point unless the reported weather is above the specified company minima

135
Q

What is required for CAT 1 qualifications for Captain (2 items)

A
  1. Category 1 sim check
  2. 100 hours PIC
136
Q

What is the approach ban limitation on reported RVR?

A

The Captain shall execute a missed approach when ANY reported RVR is less than 200m

137
Q

What is the freezing point of Jet A fuel?

A

-40 degrees

138
Q

What is the lower limit of CMV?

A

800m

139
Q

What is the lowest Company take off minima with no RVR available?

A

400m

140
Q

What is the minimum length of runway required for approach and landing for a CAT I approach with RVR less than 1200m and what is the crosswind limit

A

The length of the runway shall be 115% or longer than the landing field length, in dry conditions.

Crosswind limit is maximum 10kts, gust 15kts

141
Q

What is the minimum safe altitude when an MEA is not specified?

A

When an MEA is not specified, the minimum safe altitude is 2000ft above the highest obstruction within a horizontal distance of 5nm

142
Q

What is the order of the “Confirmation of departure”? (7)

A

The order is:
- Weather
- NOTAM
- Route and altitude
- Planned fuel
- ATS flight plan
- Weight and balance
- Maintenance

143
Q

What is the purpose of an altitude callout at the outer marker or fix?

A

These callouts confirm that you’re not capturing a ghost beam. Altitude callouts are called off the PM’s altimeter. The ghost beam appears above the normal beam and its path is double that of the normal glide path

144
Q

What is the spacing between the runway center line lights?

A

15m or 30m. 15 m interval is always applied for a Category II/III precision runway

145
Q

What is the speed tolerance according to the OM during cruise flight?

A

When not under radar control, and the average cruising speed differs by more than 5% of the cruising speed specified in the flight plan, the Captain shall report it to ATC

146
Q

What is the weight for a MEDIUM aircraft

A

<136’000kg but > 7000kg

147
Q

What items are required to be taken off the aircraft in an evacuation?

A

Even though crewmembers have to take out emergency articles, they are not absolutely obliged to do so, no matter how tense the situation. Instead they should concentrate their total efforts towards saving lives. The crew take the following items:
- Captain: Crash axe, megaphone, flash light
- Co-pilot: Signal kit, flash light
- The Chief Purser and cabin attendant at R2 will take the ELT’s

148
Q

What items of the company clearance do the Captain and Flight Dispatcher need to consult each other before changing? (6)

A

In the Captain or Flight Dispatcher considers it appropriate to change any of the following; they may change after consulting and approving each other:
- Destination airport
- Alternate airport
- Required fuel on board
- Route
- Altitude (except where revised data is shown in the flight plan and no additional fuel is required)
- Flight rules

149
Q

What type of approach can CMV be used for?

A

Straight-in approaches only

150
Q

What visual references must be seen at DA for the approach to be continued?

A

At least ONE of the following visual references is visible:
1. Threshold
2. Runway marking
3. ALS or RAI
4. RL
5. RTHL or REIL
6. TDZ
7. VGSI

151
Q

When can the Captain commence a circling approach at or above the MDA?

A

The Captain may initiate a circling approach if at least one of the following visual references, or the runway, or the circling guidance lighting is distinctly visible and identifiable:
- Threshold
- Runway marking (The numbers / Threshold stripes / Touchdown zone markings)
- Approach lighting system, or runway alignment indicator
- Runway lighting
- Runway threshold lighting, or runway edge lighting
- Touchdown zone lighting
- Visual guidance slope indicator

152
Q

When can the Captain continue an approach below the MDA on a non-precision approach?

A

The Captain may continue the approach below when 2 conditions are both satisfied:
1) The airplane is continuously in a position from which a descent to landing on the intended runway can be made at an appropriate rate of descent using normal manoeuvres
2) At least one of the following visual references for the intended runway is visible and identifiable to the flight crew members:
Threshold
- Runway marking (The numbers / Threshold stripes / Touchdown zone marking)
- Approach lighting system, or runway alignment indicator
- Runway lighting
- Runway threshold lighting, or runway edge lighting
- Touchdown zone lighting
- Visual guidance slope indicator

153
Q

When do the runway edge lights turn from white to yellow approaching the end of the runway?

A

The lights are white in colour, however the last ⅓ or 600m whichever is less from the departure end of the runway, the lights are coloured yellow for warning of the end of the runway

154
Q

When is anti-ice required on the ground?

A

When the TAT is below 10 degrees, and there is visible moisture present such as clouds or fog with visibility of one mile (1600m) or less

155
Q

When is monitoring of the emergency frequency 121.500MHz required?

A

Aircraft should guard 121.500MHz except for an “unavoidable situation”. This may be due to:
- Aircraft are carrying out communications on the other VHF channel
- Cockpit duties do not permit simultaneous guarding of two channels
- Airborne equipment limitations do not permit simultaneous guarding of two channels

156
Q

When may a Captain take off

A
  1. The reported latest weather conditions are at or above the Company Minima applied to the Captain

and

  1. All reported RVR’s are 200m or more, except the Touchdown RVR in the case the takeoff point is closer to the Midpoint RVR or Touchdown RVR is not available
157
Q

When must the Captain declare an emergency with low fuel?

A

The Captain shall declare an emergency and request an ATC priority for landing when the estimated fuel on landing is expected to be less than 30 minutes holding fuel

158
Q

Where is the search and rescue facility located?

A

The Rescue Coordination Centre (RCC) for Japan is located at Haneda airport

Command Oral (4 decks)

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