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Wines Studies > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

3 ways to make a sweet wine?

A

Late Harvest, Botrytus, IceWine

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2
Q

Who is the father of the US wine industry?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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3
Q

Generic labeling is legal in Washington and Oregon, T/F?

A

False

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4
Q

Proprietary labeling is a type of labeling that…

A

Labels the bottle by fantasy names

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5
Q

The Brix Scale measures what?

A

The unconverted sugar at the time of harvest

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6
Q

What is viniculture?

A

The process of making wine

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7
Q

Chapitalization?

A

Adding sugar to a wine to raise the alcohol levels

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8
Q

What is aroma?

A

The smell derived from grapes

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9
Q

Enrichment?

A

Adding grape must to a wine to raise the alcohol levels

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10
Q

What is residual sugar?

A

The unconverted sugar content of a finished wine

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11
Q

What is viticulture?

A

The process of growing grapes

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12
Q

What is bouquet?

A

The smell that comes from aging

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13
Q

Phylloxera?

A

Insect louse that attacks vines at their rootstocks

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14
Q

What AVA is known as the Bordeaux of NY state?

A

Long Island

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15
Q

The Niagara Peninsula is best known for producing what style of wine?

A

Icewine (high in acid and sugar)

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16
Q

Los Carneros is split between what two counties?

A

Napa and Sonoma

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17
Q

Mendoza is known for top quality…?

A

Malbec

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18
Q

Pinotage is a genetic hybrid of what?

A

Pinot Noir and Cinsault

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19
Q

Where is Central Otago and what is it known for?

A

South Island, NZ - Pinot Noir

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20
Q

What are the acids used in wine making?

A

Tartaric
Lactic
Malic
Citric

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21
Q

Pinotage is what body?

A

Full bodied red

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22
Q

What are the four ways to stop firmentation?

A

Fortification - Adding a spirit
Yeast dying off at 15.5 leaving residual sugar
Yeast eating until they are full at >15.5 and no residual sugar = dry
Chilling the tanks to 20F

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23
Q

Where is Central Otago and what grape is it known for?

A

South Island, New Zealand - Pinot Noir

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24
Q

Matching a Sauvignon Blanc with Fresh Goat Cheese is an example of complementing flavored, T/F?

A

True

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25
Q

What wine would you pair with oysters on the half shell?

A

Light - Champagne, Stainless steel, etc.

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26
Q

What wines would you pair with a rare rib eye steak?

A

Heavy reds - Merlot, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Cab Sav etc.

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27
Q

Who introduced blending to Champagne production?

A

Dom Perignon

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28
Q

What is disgorgement?

A

Freezing the neck of the bottles after riddling to remove the yeast/sediment

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29
Q

Levels of champagne sweetness?

A

Extra brut, brut, extra dry, sec, Demi-sec, doux

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30
Q

What is Clare Valley known for?

A

Riesling

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31
Q

What is Barossa known for?

A

Shiraz

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32
Q

What is Willamette Valley known for?

A

Pinot Noir

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33
Q

What is Cafayate known for?

A

Torrontes

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34
Q

What is Stellenbosch known for?

A

Chenin Blanc “Steen”

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35
Q

What is Coonawarra known for?

A

“Bordeaux of South Australia” - Cab Sav

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36
Q

What is Dry Creek known for?

A

Zinfandel

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37
Q

What is Marlborough known for?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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38
Q

What are the three grapes of Champagne?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Pinot Munere

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39
Q

Aging effects wine by:

A

Making the wine more complex and smoothing out the tannins

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40
Q

The insect louse that affects the rootstocks is known as:

A

Phylloxera

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41
Q

Riddling was introduced by:

A

Veuve Clicquot

42
Q

Rain bread pudding would pair with:

A

Chenin Blanc Botrytus

43
Q

Poached sole would pair well with:

A

Chenin Blanc

44
Q

Spicy kimchi would be paired with:

A

Champagne Demi-sec

45
Q

The largest acid found in grapes is:

A

Tartaric

46
Q

The Red Mountain Valley AVA is in:

A

Washington

47
Q

The Bordeaux of New York is:

A

Long Island

  • The Hamptons
  • North Fork
48
Q

The red grape for champagne is:

A

Pinot Noir

49
Q

What is dosage/liqueur d’expedition?

A

The addition of sugar to adjust sweetness in champagne

50
Q

Dessert wines should be:

A

Equally sweet or sweeter than the dessert

51
Q

How many glasses of wine do you get from a wine bottle?

A

750 mL - 25.4 fl oz = 5 GLASSES

52
Q

What are the wine laws for the state of California?

A

75/85/95

53
Q

What does Los Carneros produce?

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

54
Q

Is it illegal to produce general labels where?

A

Washington and Oregon

55
Q

Hybrids are illegal where?

A

Washington

56
Q

Pouting with heavy Demi, mushrooms and aged Swiss cheese can go with:

A

Heavy red - Merlot, Cab Sav, etc

57
Q

When serving a second bottle of the same wine to the guest we do not change the glass as the wine is the same, T/F?

A

False

58
Q

The Finger Lakes, Anderson Valley and Los Carneros are known for producing what?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and sparkling wines

59
Q

Chardonnay is grown in what region?

A

Region 1

60
Q

If a bottle labeled Chardonnay comes from Rogue Valley (Oregon), what percentage of grapes should be Chardonnay?

A

90

61
Q

SouthEastern Australia covers the majority of vineyards in Australia, T/F?

A

True

62
Q

The Central Valley in California produces the highest quality wines in California, T/F?

A

False

63
Q

Fume Blanc is another extensively marketed name for?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

64
Q

What would pare well with a rare steak with mashed potatoes?

A

Heavy reds - Cab Sav

65
Q

The A rack known for riddling is known as:

A

Pupitre

66
Q

Estate bottled means?

A

The wine has been produced from the same AVA the grapes were grown in

67
Q

T/F, Pinot Noir is a crossover red wine?

A

True

68
Q

How to find Brix:

A

Degrees \ 2 + 2 OR Percentage - 2 X 2

69
Q

The process for clarification of wine is known as:

A

Racking and fining

70
Q

What process creates a fruity wine with low tannins, usually served with a chill?

A

Carbonic Maceration

71
Q

What would you pair with a ceviche to complement it?

A

Sav Blanc

72
Q

Maipo Valley is known for?

A

Carmanere and Cab Sav

73
Q

How do you know which Chardonnay to serve coolest?

A

The newest one (older Chardonnay is more complex) and the one with a more general AVA because it’s likely to be lower quality

74
Q

Name one alternative wine grape species:

A

Virus Labrusca

75
Q

What term best describes Seyval Blanc and Baco Noir?

A

Hybrids. Can be grown anywhere but Washington!

76
Q

What is the bacterium carried by the glassy winged sharpshooter?

A

Pierce’s Disease

77
Q

What term refers to a subgroup of varietals bred to fit a specific terroir?

A

Clone

78
Q

When does blending occur?

A

With finished wine

79
Q

When does field-blending occur?

A

With un-fermented grape juice/grapes

80
Q

What is the term for fermenting grapes without crushing them? Where is this common? Would you decant these wines?

A

Carbonic Maceration - Beajulais - No

81
Q

What is bleeding?

A

Draining some juice from the fermenting grape must to give the rest of the juice more skin contact

82
Q

What is enrichment?

A

Adding grape must to increase alcohol content

83
Q

What is Chapitalization?

A

Adding sugar to increase alcohol content

84
Q

How do winemakers keep the raft of grape skins on top of fermenting wine from becoming dry and ineffective?

A

Remontage “punching down” or “pumping over”

85
Q

What is the term for straining wine through very small holes to remove sediment?

A

Filtration

86
Q

What method of clarifying wine may involve egg whites, gelatin, bentonite etc.?

A

Fining

87
Q

What is the term for transferring wine from one container to another using a hose?

A

Racking

88
Q

What effect does malolactic fermentation have on wine?

A
  • Removes harsh green apple
  • Smooths tannins
  • Adds body/complexity
  • Extends the shelf life
89
Q

Two reasons for decanting?

A

Aeration and removal of sediment

90
Q

What quality is important for balancing out a sweet wine?

A

Acid

91
Q

Three methods for making sparkling wine?

A
  • Method Champenoise (THIS)
  • Charmat/Bulk/Tank Method (THE)
  • Transfer method
92
Q

What is riddling?

A

The process of shaking and gradually tipping over Champagne bottles

93
Q

What’s the term for the bubbles streaming up through a flute of sparkling wine?

A

Perleage

94
Q

What’s the term for the bubble when they gather at the top of the flute?

A

Mousse

95
Q

What term refers to using the same or similar wine in a dish that you’re serving it with?

A

Bridging/Echoing

96
Q

What term refers to drinking a wine that refreshes your palate?

A

Palate Cleansing

97
Q

What kind of wines would go with shrimp in a herbed lemongrass broth?

A

Light - Riesling, Gewurtztraminer etc.

98
Q

What US wine region is at a similar latitude as Burgundy?

A

Oregon

99
Q

What state does “reserve” actually matter in?

A

Washington (10% or 3,000 cases)

100
Q

What are the three methods of labeling?

A

Generic, Proprietary and Varietal

Wines Studies (24 decks)

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