General

Question 1

telencephalon

Answer 1

cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

diencephalon

Answer 2

hypothalamus and thalamus

Question 3

mesencephalon

Answer 3

midbrain

Question 4

metencephalon

Answer 4

pons and cerebellum

Question 5

rhombencephalon

Answer 5

medulla

Question 6

spinal cord ends at approximately

Answer 6

T12-L1

Question 7

The dura continues as the ____ in the peripheral nerve

Answer 7

epineurium

Question 8

The arachnoid continues as the ____ in the peripheral nerve

Answer 8

perineurium

Question 9

Brain structures without BBB

Answer 9

OVLT, median eminence, posterior pituitary, subfomical organ, pineal gland, area postrema

Question 10

drugs that access the CNS

Answer 10

lipophilic, free-drug, non-ionized

Question 11

familial hemiplegic migraine

Answer 11

mut of P/Q calcium channels gene = CACNA1A

Question 12

episodic ataxia type 2

Answer 12

truncation mutation of Cav2.2 calcium channels

Question 13

congenital stationary night blindness

Answer 13

truncated L type calcium channels in the retina

Question 14

Lambert eaton

Answer 14

small cell carcinoma produce antibodies to voltage gated calcium channels (P/Q type)

Question 15

benign familial neonatal seizures

Answer 15

mutation of KCNQ2 commonly. = gene encoding a voltage gated potassium channel (Kv7.2)

Question 16

episodic ataxia type 1

Answer 16

mut in Kv1.1 type potassium channels in purkinje cells

Question 17

Neuron types in striatum

Answer 17

spiny and aspiny

Question 18

spiny neurons are ___ than aspiny neurons

Answer 18

smaller

Question 19

___ neurons have long axons which leave the striatum

Answer 19

spiny = projection neurons

Question 20

all spiny neurons use the NT

Answer 20

GABA

Question 21

substance P terminals are found in the

Answer 21

GPi

Question 22

enkephalin terminals are found in the

Answer 22

GPe

Question 23

enkephalinergic striato-GPe neurons possess

Answer 23

D2 R type

Question 24

substance P- containing striatal projection neurons possess

Answer 24

D1 R type

Question 25

striato-GPe neurons are responsible for

Answer 25

inhibiting movement conflicting with intention

Question 26

striato-GPi neurons are involved in

Answer 26

initiating limb movement

Question 27

striato-SNr neurons are involved in

Answer 27

initiating eye movement and head movement

Question 28

striato-SNc neurons are involved in

Answer 28

regulating the dopamine neurons

Question 29

4 types of interneurons in striatum

Answer 29

cholinergic, parvalbuminergic, somatostatinergic, calretinergic

Question 30

SN pars compacta

Answer 30

input to basal ganglia circuit supplying striatum with dopamine

Question 31

SN pars reticulata

Answer 31

output, signals from basal ganglia to other structures

Question 32

locations of subthalamic nucleus

Answer 32

below thalamus, above cerebral peduncle