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Spectroscopy > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

0
Q

Gamma rays and X-rays are at the UV part of spectrum and have …….

A

Short wavelengths and high frequency

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1
Q

An increasing wavelength = a decrease in …..

A

Frequency and energy

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2
Q

Microwaves and radio waves are at the IR part of the spectrum and have…..

A

Long wavelengths.

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3
Q

Do X-rays or microwaves have more energy?

A

X-rays have more energy and shorter wavelengths

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4
Q

Spectroscopy is defined as….

A

Techniques where matter is exposed to radiation and the pattern of absorption, transmission or reflection of radiation by the matter is measured and inturpretted.

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5
Q

Spectroscopy is the….

A

Study of interaction or radiated energy and matter.

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6
Q

The speed of light, c, in a vacuum is….

A

3.00 x 10 ^8 m s -1

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7
Q

Plancks constant, h, in eV is….

A

4.14 x 10^-15 eV Hz^-1

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8
Q

Plancks constant, h, in J s is….

A

6.63 x 10^-34 J s

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9
Q

Light of a single wavelength is…

A

Monochromatic

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10
Q

Light of many diff wavelengths, white light, is….

A

Polychromatic.

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11
Q

A photon is a form of light absorbed by…..

A

An atom or molecule.

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12
Q

The visible spectrum, in nm, ranges from…..

A

A wavelength of 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red)

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13
Q

Spectroscopy can obtain information about (3)…..

A

Atomic an molecular energy levels
Chemical bonds
Molecule interactions

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14
Q

Matter absorbs visible light which gives rise to…..

A

Colour.

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15
Q

A shorter wavelength = higher energy =

A

Larger transitions.

16
Q

700 nm = (m)

A

7.00 x 10^-7 m

17
Q

Absorption of red wavelengths, gives rise to….

A

A green colour.

18
Q

Absorption of blue wavelengths, gives rise to….

A

Orange colour

19
Q

Absorption of purple wavelengths, gives rise to….

A

Lime/yellow colour

20
Q

By studying absorption of photons by a molecule, in a certain range of wavelengths, it’s absorption….

A

Fingerprint can be identified.

21
Q

Obtains over 90% of…..

A

Astronomical data.

22
Q

Stella composition can be determined by….

A

IR, visible and UV-Visible spectroscopy

23
Q

In black bodies, radiation and matter are….

A

In thermal equilibrium.

24
Q

The equation for calculating temp of astronomical objects….

A

T = 2.90 x 10^-3 m K / wavelength max

25
Q

Wein’s constant is…

A

2.90 x 10^-3 m K

26
Q

Red objects are…..

A

Cooler temps

27
Q

Blue/white objects are…..

A

Hotter temps

28
Q

In astronomy, the distance between the source and the detector….

A

Can be huge.

29
Q

Most of the universe is composed of….

A

Hydrogen.

30
Q

Equation to calculate wavelength from energy….

A

Wavelength = hc / E

Where E is in eV, Plancks constant is used in eV.

31
Q

Why are Balmer lines weak (low intensity) in stars of low temp?

A

Low temp = low energy, most transitions are in the lyman series.

32
Q

Why are Balmer lines weak (low intensity) in stars of high temp?

A

Hydrogen may be fully ionised. Most transitions will be in the paschen series. Higher temp = higher energy.

33
Q

Energy is inversely proportional the wavelength which means….

A

Shorter wavelengths have greater energy (X-rays) and longer wavelengths have lower energy (microwave)

34
Q

Absorption moves up the n series, where as emission….

A

Moves down the n series.

35
Q

Equation for light as photons…

A

E = hf

36
Q

Equation for light as waves…

A

C= f / wavelength

37
Q

The strength of spectral lines can determine the…

A

Temp of an object.

38
Q

Difference between uv and vis spec and IR and Raman spec….

A

In uv and vis the energy is high enough for electrons to move from one energy level to another - electron transitions.

In IR the energy is too low to displace molecules but can cause other transitions, rotational or vibrational.

Spectroscopy (7 decks)

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