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Geography friday Test > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

What is geography?

A

Geography is the study of man and his environment

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2
Q

What are the categories of geography and what do they deal with?

A

Physical deals with natural environment and human deals with the study of men and activities they are involved in

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3
Q

What is a map?

A

A map is a small scaled representation of what the land looks like from above. It contains a title, key, scale, N arrow, frame.

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4
Q

What are the 4 types of maps?

A

Physical, political, population and economic

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5
Q

What are lines of latitude?

A

Lines of latitude run from east to west horizontally, forming circles around the earth.

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6
Q

What are lines of longitude?

A

Lines of longitude run from north to south through the poles

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7
Q

How are igneous rocks formed?

A

Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools and solidifies into rock

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8
Q

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

A

Sedimentary rocks are formed by deposition

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9
Q

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

A

Metamorphic rocks are igneous or sedimentary rocks that changed overtime due to pressure and temperature

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10
Q

What is the crust?

A

The outer layer of the earth which we live on

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11
Q

What is the mantle?

A

The middle layer made up of semi-molten, rock or magma.

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12
Q

What is the core?

A

An inner and outer core which consists of super heated liquid rock

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13
Q

What are plate tectonics?

A

The study of plate which make up the earths crust

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14
Q

How are plate margins formed?

A

When plates move

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15
Q

What are 3 Types of plate margins?

A

Convergent, divergent and transformed.

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16
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

It is shocks that occur when the earths plates move.

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17
Q

What is the focus?

A

The point below the surface where the vibrations of earthquakes are generated

18
Q

What is the epicentre?

A

The location on the earths surface where vibrations are felt the strongest directly above the focus.

19
Q

What are shockwaves?

A

The vibrations generated from the focus of the earthquake

20
Q

What is the Richter scale

A

The scale on which earthquakes are rated. It goes from 0-9

21
Q

What is a seismograph?

A

The instrument that constantly measures the vibrations of the earth

22
Q

What is folding?

A

Folding is the buckling of layers of the earths crust due to immense pressure

23
Q

What are the 5 main types of folds?

A

Simple, asymmetrical, over fold, over thrust fold and recumbent

24
Q

What is a syncline and an anticline?

A

A valley and a hill formed when pressure gets exerted on layers of rocks in the earth.

25
Q

What is the main feature formed by folding?

A

A fold mountain

26
Q

What is a dyke?

A

A vertical sheet of magma formed as material forces its way through cracks in the surrounding rocks and hardens

27
Q

What is a sill?

A

formed when magma intrudes between the rock layers, forming a horizontal or near horizontal sheet of igneous rock.

28
Q

What is a plug?

A

A vertical pipe formed when molten rock becomes solid in the vent

29
Q

What is the laccolith?

A

A dome shaped feature formed when igneous rock intrudes along the bedding plain forcing overlying layers upwards forming a mound

30
Q

What is a batholith?

A

A large and deep feature that is often made of granite and may be the magma chamber of volcanoes

31
Q

What are fold mountain ranges?

A

The Andes, the alps, the Himalayas and Rockies.

32
Q

What are the 7 continents of the earth?

A

Africa
South America
North America
Europe
Australia
Antarctica
Asia

All summer nobody ever asks Andy anything

33
Q

What are the 5 oceans of the earth?

A

Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, Antarctic.

34
Q

What are eastings?

A

Vertical lines going eastward

35
Q

What are northings?

A

Horizontal lines going northwards

36
Q

How do you read grid references?

A

The numbers on the bottom, then the numbers on the top.

37
Q

What is frost action?

A

As the temperature drops below freezing, the water that entered the cracks in the rock freezes and as this process is repeated overtime, the rock will disintegrate.

38
Q

What is temperature change?

A

As temperature rises and drops, rocks expand and contract making rocks peel off in layers and is called exfoliation weathering.

39
Q

What is carbonation?

A

the mixing of water with carbon dioxide to make carbonic acid which results in the formation of caves, stalactites and stalagmites.

40
Q

What is oxidation?

A

the breakdown of rock by oxygen and water, often giving iron-rich rocks a rusty-coloured weathered surface

41
Q

What is hydrolysis?

A

Minerals react chemically to uncontact with water.

42
Q

How do animals effect weathering?

A

Animals burrow through the ground breaking up rocks and at death produce acid chemically changing the rock

Geography friday Test (3 decks)

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