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TCRN > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Parkland Formula used for?

A

To calculate the amount of fluid to give in the first 24 hours following burn injury
LR = 4mL x Body weight (kg) x % TBSA burned (partial or full thickness only)

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2
Q

What is the Parkland Formula used for?

A

To calculate the amount of fluid to give in the first 24 hours following burn injury
LR = 4mL x Body weight (kg) x % TBSA burned (partial or full thickness only)

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3
Q

What is the difference in fluid resuscitation for the pediatric patient vs adults?

A

Parkland formula 4mL for adults, decreases to 3mL for pediatrics

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4
Q

Neutralization agent for hydrofluoric acid burns

A

Calcium chloride gel

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5
Q

Neutralization agent for tar and asphalt burns

A

Petroleum products (mineral oil or neomycin sulfate)

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6
Q

Neutralization agent for tar and asphalt burns

A

Petroleum products

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7
Q

Neutralization agent for phenol burns

A

50% polyethylene glycol

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8
Q

Where is sulfamylon cream used for burn wound care?

A

Cartilage

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9
Q

What is silvadene used for?

A

Broad spectrum antibiotic cream that is painless, used for burn wounds (without infection)

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10
Q

Goal urine output for burn patients (adults and children)

A

30-50 ml/hr for adults (0.5-1 ml/kg/hr)
1-2 ml/kg/hr for children under 30 kg

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11
Q

How does hyperchloremia metabolic acidosis affect the anion gap?

A

It does not

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12
Q

What is the affect of increased tissue metabolism in burn patients?

A

Tissue oxygen deficit
(Increasing oxygen demand and decreased supply)

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13
Q

What is a pulmonary complication for victims of fires in small spaces?

A

Asphyxiation

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14
Q

Why would a pulse ox read 100% while an saO2 reads 82%?

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

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15
Q

How do you treat cyanide poisoning in house fire inhalation injury patients?

A

Inhaled amyl nitrate and IV sodium nitrate to correct loss of ATP production (side effect of hypoxemia)

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16
Q

What is base deficit?

A

Amount of base needed to titrate 1L of whole blood to a pH of 7.4

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17
Q

Which labs could be used to identify shock in a normotensive patient?

A

Lactate and base deficit

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18
Q

An increase in bands greater than what percent indicates severe sepsis?

A

10

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19
Q

What on tests beyond CBC can be used to determine presence of infection?

A

CRP and prolactin

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20
Q

When should corticosteroid therapy be considered in sepsis patients?

A

With ongoing vasopressor therapy

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21
Q

What tool can be used to determine the rate and extent of organ failure

A

SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment

22
Q

What type of injury should have limited fluids provided prehospital?

A

Penetrating injury to torso (r/t permissive hypotension)

23
Q

What lab value can be used as an end point to resuscitation?

A

Base deficit

24
Q

What is the antidote for a nerve agent?

A

Atropine and 2-PAM Co.

25
Q

What is the antidote for vesicants?

A

Dimercaprol

26
Q

What is the lab test beta 2 transferrin used for?

A

Accurately identifying CSF in bodily fluids

27
Q

What causes vasogenic cerebral edema?

A

Direct tissue injury

28
Q

What causes cytotoxic cerebral edema?

A

Hypoxia and anoxic brain injuries

29
Q

What is potential long term complication commonly associated with basilar skull fractures?

A

Loss of smell CN I injury
Also injury to CN II OR VII

30
Q

What is the treatment for a parotid duct injury?

A

Tube cannulation for 3-6 months

31
Q

What type of dressing is appropriate for a corneal abrasion?

A

Light semi pressure dressing

32
Q

In an orbital blowout fracture, how is it determined that a patient with limited extraocular eye movements has muscle paralysis versus entrapment?

A

Forced duction

33
Q

What is a hyphema?

A

Collection of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

34
Q

What medication may be given in a pt with a thoracic aortic dissection who is hypertensive and tachycardic?

A

Beta blockers

35
Q

What physiologic sign consists of LUQ pain and radiation to the neck?

A

Positive Saegesser’s sign

36
Q

What would be an expected finding in a pregnant patients ABG?

A

Compensated respiratory alkalosis

37
Q

What does a Kleihauer-Betke test detect?

A

To detect fetal blood cells in maternal circulation, especially in Rh negative mothers

38
Q

Pulmonary signs of fat emboli

A

Productive cough with coarse crackles

39
Q

What urine output is the target for electrical burn patients?

A

75-100 ml/hr

40
Q

What is a common treatment for postreimplantation venous congestion?

A

Medicinal leech therapy

41
Q

Which is more dangerous AC or DC voltage?

A

AC

42
Q

A trauma patient repeating their story is a step toward…

A

Acceptance

43
Q

Can spontaneous motor movements occur in brain death patients?

A

Yes

44
Q

What type of injury indicates the need for limited fluid resuscitation prehospital?

A

Penetrating abdominal injury

45
Q

What is the best way for the nurse to explain the difference in PT and OT?

A

PT mostly works with the legs and OT mostly works with the arms

46
Q

What type of research methods have more biases?

A

Retrospective

47
Q

What type of herniation affects respiratory patterns and LOC?

A

Central

48
Q

What is an ethics committees first step in assisting with a dilemma?

A

Data collection

49
Q

What abdominal compartment is the bladder most likely to rupture in to during MVC?

A

Intraperitoneal

50
Q

What is the term for an avulsion injury of the renal artery?

A

Pedicle injury

51
Q

What is the most common cause of urethral injury?

A

Straddle injuries

52
Q

What is the most common cause of urethral injury?

A

Straddle injuries

TCRN (1 decks)

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