General

Question 1

What is urinary nitrite?

Answer 1

Gram-negative bacteria convert urinary nitrate to nitrite. Positive testing indicates bacteriuria although a negative result does not exclude it

Question 2

What is the significance of proteinuria?

Answer 2

Orthostatic proteinuria disappears on lying down and is a normal finding in healthy young adults​
More than 2g/day suggests renal glomerular disease​

Question 3

What is the significance of glycosuria?

Answer 3

It usually denotes the presence of diabetes. Small amounts may be excreted by the normal kidney (renal glycosuria)

Question 4

What is the normal pH of urine?

Answer 4

Between 4.5 and 8.0

Question 5

What is the significance of cloudy urine?

Answer 5

Cloudy fresh urine is usually so due to the presence of pus (pyuria) which can indicate infection

Question 6

What percentage of patients with a temperature will have an infectious cause?

Answer 6

80%