General Flashcards
What is a function?
Block or organised, reusable code that is used to perform a single, relation action.
Give an 3 examples of pythons built-in functions
abs()- Returns the absolute value of a number
all()-Returns True if all items in an iterable object are true
any()- Returns True if any item in an iterable object is true
ascii()-Returns a readable version of an object. Replaces none-ascii characters with escape character
bin()-Returns the binary version of a number
bool()-Returns the boolean value of the specified object
bytearray()-Returns an array of bytes
bytes()-Returns a bytes object
callable()-Returns True if the specified object is callable, otherwise False
chr()-Returns a character from the specified Unicode code.
classmethod()-Converts a method into a class method
compile()-Returns the specified source as an object, ready to be executed
complex()-Returns a complex number
delattr()-Deletes the specified attribute (property or method) from the specified object
dict()-Returns a dictionary (Array)
dir()-Returns a list of the specified object’s properties and methods
divmod()-Returns the quotient and the remainder when argument1 is divided by argument2
enumerate()-Takes a collection (e.g. a tuple) and returns it as an enumerate object
eval()-Evaluates and executes an expression
exec()-Executes the specified code (or object)
filter()-Use a filter function to exclude items in an iterable object
float()-Returns a floating point number
format()-Formats a specified value
frozenset()-Returns a frozenset object
getattr()-Returns the value of the specified attribute (property or method)
globals()-Returns the current global symbol table as a dictionary
hasattr()-Returns True if the specified object has the specified attribute (property/method)
hash()-Returns the hash value of a specified object
help()-Executes the built-in help system
hex()-Converts a number into a hexadecimal value
id()-Returns the id of an object
input()-Allowing user input
int() -Returns an integer number
isinstance()-Returns True if a specified object is an instance of a specified object
issubclass()-Returns True if a specified class is a subclass of a specified object
iter()-Returns an iterator object
len()-Returns the length of an object
list() -Returns a list
locals()-Returns an updated dictionary of the current local symbol table
map()-Returns the specified iterator with the specified function applied to each item
max()-Returns the largest item in an iterable
memoryview()-Returns a memory view object
min()-Returns the smallest item in an iterable
next()-Returns the next item in an iterable
object()-Returns a new object
oct()-Converts a number into an octal
open()-Opens a file and returns a file object
ord()-Convert an integer representing the Unicode of the specified character
pow()-Returns the value of x to the power of y
print()-Prints to the standard output device
property()-Gets, sets, deletes a property
range()-Returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 and increments by 1 (by default)
repr()-Returns a readable version of an object
reversed()-Returns a reversed iterator
round()-Rounds a numbers
set()-Returns a new set object
setattr()-Sets an attribute (property/method) of an object
slice()-Returns a slice object
sorted()-Returns a sorted list
staticmethod()-Converts a method into a static method
str() -Returns a string object
sum()-Sums the items of an iterator
super()-Returns an object that represents the parent class
tuple()-Returns a tuple
type()-Returns the type of an object
vars()-Returns the __dict__ property of an object
zip() -Returns an iterator, from two or more iterators
Give an example of client side programs
1) Javascript
2) VBScript
3) HTML
4) CSS
5) AJAX
Give an example of server-side program
1) PHP
2) C++
3) Java and JSP
4) Python
5) Ruby on Rails
How to you concatenate strings?
print() with commas or without to make them one string you can also use the + function
How can you add a space at the end of each work in a print statement
print (‘work’, end=’ ‘)
How could you add a space in between two strings when printing?
print(‘word 1’, ‘word 2’, sep=’ ‘)
What is an int? give an example
A positive whole number 1, 2,3,4…
What is a float? give an example
A decimal number. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
What does the type() function do?
confirms the value something i.e. type(1), would be an int
What is the arithmetic operator for addition
+
What is the arithmetic operator for subtraction
-
What is the arithmetic operator for multiplication
*
What is the arithmetic operator for division?
/
what is integer division? What is the arithmetic operator for integer division?
Dividing and returning the nearest int. //
What is the arithmetic operator for exponent (calculating a number to the power of another number?)
**
What is modulus? What is the arithmetic operator for modulus?
Dividing and returning the remainder after division %
What is booleans value? how do you call?
bool() and it is true of false value
What does a not operator return?
the opposite of a value
what is the comparison operator for not equal to?
!=
what is the comparison operator for equal to
==
what is the comparison operator for more than
>
what is the comparison operator for less than
<
what is the comparison operator for less than or equal ?
<=
what is the comparison operator for more than or equal?
> =
In a string how would you use the escape character and what is it?
to stop items breaking the code and making the next character to be treated as ordinary- it is a \
What does casting achieve?
converts one type to another i.e int(), round()
How do you add comments to scripts
#
How do you ask for user input?
input(“question you would like user to answer)
how do you confirm if inputs are a number?
.isnumeric
What is pycharm
PyCharm is a dedicated Python Integrated Development Environment (IDE) providing a wide range of essential tools for Python developers, tightly integrated to create a convenient environment for productive Python, web, and data science development.
What does string.capitalize() do ?
capitalizes first letter of string
What does string.startswith(prefix) do?
determines if string starts with prefix
What does string.endswith(suffix) do?
determines if string ends with suffix
What does string.isupper() do?
determines if all characters in the string are uppercase
What does string.islower() do?
determines if all characters in the string are lowercase
What does string.find(str) do?
determines if str occurs in string
what does string.index(str) do?
determines index of str in string
What does string.replace(old, new) do?
replaces all occurrences of old in string with new
What does string.strip() do?
trims whitespace from beginning and end of string
What does string.upper() do?
returns uppercased string from given string
What does string.lower() do?
returns lowercased string from given string
What is syntax?
The grammar and structure of code
What is semantics?
What the code will do when it is run
What is memory management
How efficient the code is
