General

Question 0

The layers of the atmosphere

Answer 0

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Exosphere

Question 1

The part of the earths atmosphere which contains all the elements of the weather is:

Answer 1

The Troposphere

Question 2

The earths surface is heated by

Answer 2

Short wave solar radiation

Question 3

Air moving horizontally is influenced by the Coriolis force which is caused by

Answer 3

Rotation of the earth

Question 4

Heat transfer from molecule to molecule without significant movement of the molecules is called:

Answer 4

Conduction

Question 5

When surface temperatures rise due to daytime heating. This heating effect is transmitted aloft by:

Answer 5

Convection

Question 6

Diurnal Range in temperature

Answer 6

Diurnal temperature variation is a meteorological term that relates to the variation in temperature that occurs from the highs of the day to the cool of nights.

Question 7

Lifting process responsible for the choppy type of turbulence often encountered during flight within the lower 3000 feet of the troposphere

Answer 7

Mechanical turbulence

Question 8

AWOS

Answer 8

Automated Weather Observation System

Question 9

LWIS

Answer 9

Limited Weather Observation System

Question 10

What is an RVA. Who can provide it? How long is it valid.

Answer 10

Runway Visibility Assessment

Who can do it? A qualified person CAR804. Instrument rated pilots in accordance with CAR 602.131

RVA is valid for 20 minutes after being established

Question 11

How many regions are GFA’s prepared across the country

Answer 11

7

Question 12

What is the coverage period of a GFA? (Hours)

Answer 12

Coverage period of 12 hours and an outlook for a further 12 hours

Question 13

Amendments to area forecasts are known as:

Answer 13

AIRMETs

Question 14

What are the intensities of icing when reporting a PIREP?

Answer 14

Trace, Light, Moderate, Severe

Question 15

What are the two types of airborne icing and their characteristics:

Answer 15

Rime Ice: rough, milky, opaque ice formed by the instantaneous freezing of small supercooled water droplets

Clear Ice: Glossy, clear, or translucent ice formed by the relatively slow freezing of large supercooled water droplets

Question 16

Upper level charts are prepared at what levels and corresponding mb

Answer 16

5000 ft - 850mb
10000 ft - 700mb
18000 ft - 500mb
34000ft - 250mb

Question 17

What is an AIRMET?

Answer 17

A short-term weather advisory I tended primarily for aircraft in flight, to notify pilots of potentially hazardous weather conditions not described in the current GFA and not requiring a SIGMET

Question 18

What are the criteria for issuing an AIRMET

Answer 18

1) IMC conditions (BKN or OVC at less than 1000ft AGL vis less than 3SM
2) freezing precipitation (not requiring a SIGMET)
3) moderate icing
4) moderate thunderstorms
5) thunderstorms (isolated as opposed to a line)
6) surface mean winds increases to 20kt or more or gusts to 30kt or more when no winds were originally forecasted.
7) difference between observed and forecasted wind direction is greater than 60 degrees

Question 19

What is the validity of an AIRMET?

Answer 19

Valid upon receipt until it is updated or cancelled. Will be superseded by the issue of the next regular GFA

Question 20

List the 3 types of turbulence

Answer 20

Light
Moderate
Severe

Question 21

List the 3 words used to describe the frequency of turbulence

Answer 21

Occasional - less than 1/3 of the time
Intermittent - 1/3 to 2/3
Continuous - more than 2/3

Question 22

What is the validity period of a TAF?

Answer 22

30 hours

Question 23

Describe the difference of the proximity qualifier, vicinity(VC) from a METAR to a TAF

Answer 23

Metar - VC means elements observed within 5 mi, but not at the station.
TAF - VC means between 5 and 10 NM from the centre of the runway complex

Question 24

True or False - AWOS cloud height sensors tend to over- read during precipitation events

Answer 24

False they will under read

Question 25

What is the wind speed, direction and temperature? 9900+00

Answer 25

Wind light and variable , temperature 0

Question 26

What is the wind speed, direction and temperature? 2523

Answer 26

250 true and 23 knots

Question 27

What is the wind speed, direction and temperature? 791159

Answer 27

290 true ( 79-50=29) at 111kt (11+100= 111), temperature -59

Question 28

What is the wind speed, direction and temperature? 859950

Answer 28

350 true (85-50=35) at 199kt or greater, temperature -50

Question 29

``` Describe all sky conditions and their coverage (oktas) SKC FEW SCT BKN OVC CLR ```

Answer 29

``` SKC - no cloud FEW - 0 to 2/8 summation amount SCT - 3/8- 4/8 summation amount BKN - 5/8 to less than 8/8 sum OVC - 8/8 summation amount CLR - clear below 10,000 ```

Question 30

What is a Col?

Answer 30

A col is a neutral region between two highs and two lows. Very undependable weather

Question 31

What is Coriolis Force

Answer 31

The air moving from a high pressure area to a low pressure area does not flow directly from one to the other. It is deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere by a force called the Coriolis force

Question 32

What is Buys Ballats Law?

Answer 32

If you stand with your back to the wind, the low pressure area will be on your left side

Question 33

What is Radiation Fog and characteristics?

Answer 33

Formed on clear nights with light winds. The ground cooks losing heat through radiation. The air in direct contact with the earths surface is cooled. If the air is moist and the temperature is lowered below the dew point, fog will form - light winds - clear skies - abundance of condensation

Question 34

What is advection fog and it's characteristics?

Answer 34

Caused by the drifting of warm damp air over a colder land or sea surface. Occurs most frequently in coastal regions. - moist air from a warm region - cold water

Question 35

What is upslope fog?

Answer 35

Is caused by the cooking if air due to expansion as it moves up a slope. A light upslope wind is necessary for its formation

Question 36

Steam fog

Answer 36

Forms when cold air passes over a warm water surface. Evaporation of the water into the cold air occurs until the cold air becomes saturated

Question 37

Ice fog

Answer 37

Forms in moist air during extremely cold calm conditions. The tiny ice crystals composing it are formed by sublimation and are often called ice needles.

Question 38

What is sublimation?

Answer 38

Water vapour changes into ice crystals

Question 39

What is condensation?

Answer 39

Water vapour changes into water droplets