General

Question 1

What does ionizing mean

Answer 1

A photon with >/=15eV of energy that can remove electron from an atom

Question 2

Is radio-frequency pulse wave an ionizing radiation

Answer 2

No, MRI is non ionizing

Also radiowavws, microwaves, infrared, visible light

Question 3

Electromagnetic wavelengths and hard vs soft

Answer 3

0.01 - 10nm

Hard <0.2

Question 4

Difference between gamma rays and x-rays

Answer 4

Gamma = emitted by nucleus (decay)
X-rays = emitted by electrons

Question 5

Alpha vs beta particle

Answer 5

Alpha = 2+ proton
Poor penetration and distance
Beta = 1- electron from nucleus
Strong penetration and fast

Question 6

Z =

Answer 6

Atomic number or #protons

Question 7

Isotopes

Answer 7

Different # neutrons or “A”
Different atomic mass
“Z” never changes

Question 8

Where is the most negative potential energy in the arom? I.e. what requires the most energy to move?

Answer 8

Electrons in the k shell (closest to nucleus)
Tungsten K shell = -69.5 keV
Tungsten L shell = -10.2

Question 9

What is a characterstic x-ray photon?

Answer 9

Energy released from an electron moving down a shell (i.e. L to K) after the prior inhabitant of inner shell was ejected via energized electron