Gene Technology Flashcards

1
Q

How are microbes involved in genetic engineering and manipulation?

A

-restriction enzymes were produced by bacteria
-adding DNA to prokaryotes is easy = mass production of proteins + medicines

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2
Q

What is gene therapy?

A

-using various mechanisms to alter a persons genetic material to treat or cure diseases

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3
Q

What are the most commonly used vectors?

A

-viruses
-they have mechanisms needed to recognise cells + deliver the genetic material into them

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4
Q

What have gene therapies been tested?

A

-on somatic body cells
-changes in genetic material are targeted to specific cells

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5
Q

What are the two types of somatic gene therapy?

A
  1. ex vivo
  2. in vivo
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6
Q

What is ex vivo?

A

-the new gene is inserted via a virus vector into the cell outside the body
-blood or bone marrow cells are extracted + exposed to virus which inserts the gene into these cells

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7
Q

What is in vivo?

A

-new gene is inserted via a vector into cells inside the body

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8
Q

What is the process of ex vivo and in vivo ?

A
  1. adult stem cells removed
  2. virus vector is altered to contain desired gene
  3. patients cell are altered after exposure to virus - then grown in a lab
  4. transgenic cells
  5. injected into body
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9
Q

Is gene therapy in somatic cells permanent?

A

-no
-but in germ cells it is

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10
Q

What is somatic gene therapy?

A

-faulty body cells replaced
-allele introduced to target cells
-temporary

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11
Q

What is termine therapy?

A

-allele introduced to embryonic cells
-gamete DNA altered
-offspring won’t inherit faulty allele
-permanent

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