Gene Expression

Question 1

What does DNA expression involve?

Answer 1

Gene expression involves the transcription and translation of DNA sequences.

Question 2

Name the types of RNA that there are.

Answer 2

mRNA rRNA tRNA

Question 3

Describe RNA

Answer 3

RNA is single stranded and is composed of nucleotides containing ribose sugar, phosphate and one of four bases: cytosine, guanine, adenine and uracil.

Question 4

Give the function of mRNA

Answer 4

mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and translated into proteins by ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Question 5

What is a triplet of bases on mRNA called?

Answer 5

A codon

Question 6

What do codons insert?

Answer 6

One amino acid

Question 7

Describe tRNA

Answer 7

Transfer RNA (tRNA) folds due to complementary base pairing. Each tRNA molecule carries its specific amino acid to the ribosome.

Question 8

Name parts 1 and 2

Answer 8

Part 1 anti codon part 2 specific amino acid

Question 9

Describe rRNA

Answer 9

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins form the ribosome.

Question 10

What is the function of rRNA?

Answer 10

RNA polymerase moves along DNA unwinding the double helix and breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases. RNA polymerase synthesises a primary transcript of mRNA from RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing.

Question 11

What is the purpose of RNA splicing?

Answer 11

To form mature mRNA

Question 12

What happens during splicing?

Answer 12

Introns of the primary transcript are noncoding regions and are removed.The exons are coding regions and are joined together to form the mature transcript.

Question 13

Where does translation begin and end?

Answer 13

At a strart codon and a stop codon

Question 14

Name the bond between amion acids

Answer 14

peptide bonds