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genetics > GENE ACTION > Flashcards

GENE ACTION Flashcards

1
Q

What does gene action do ?

A

effects the genotype of a particular trait affects the expression in phenotype

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2
Q

what are the different types of gene action

A

non- additive
.sex-linked
.Sex-limited
.Sex-influenced
.additive -

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3
Q

what is sex influenced ?

A

trait the gender affects the way it is being expressed

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4
Q

what is additive

A

influence of one gene to another gene
Sex linked gene found on x and Y chromosomes
All other genes are autosomal

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5
Q

what is non additive gene action

A

.qualitative traits -> few genes

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6
Q

Qualitative traits

A
  1. One or few genes ex. Coat color , horn/polled , disease
  2. They are not affected by the environment
  3. They can other be classified into categories
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7
Q

what is complete dominance ?

A
  • One allele of a pair can mask the expression of the other (recessive )
  • Recessive expression = homozygous condition
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8
Q

what are some examples of complete dominance

A

Coat color in Hereford and Angus cattle
- Angus= black
- Hereford =red
.black is dominant to red

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9
Q

how would Homozygous dominant be written?

A

BB

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10
Q

How would heterozygous be written ?

A

Bb

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11
Q

how would heterozygous recessive be written?

A

bb

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12
Q

what is incomplete dominance ?

A

. Heterozygote -> different phenotype

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13
Q

genotype is what ?

A

the gene
ex. RR.Rr,rr

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14
Q

phenotype is what ?

A

appearance
ex. coat color, red, roan , white

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15
Q

what is he genotypic ratio ?

A

1RR :2Rr :1rr

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16
Q

what is the phenotypic ratio ?

A

1 red :2 roan : 1 white

17
Q

what is epistasis ?

A

non- allelic interaction (phenotypic effect depends on what alleles are present )

18
Q

what is and ex of Complete dominance epistasis

A
  • Wool pigment in sheep
19
Q

understand episatsis

A

BBww x bbWW
(black male x white female)
do chart

20
Q

sex linkage

A

sex determined by inheritance of entire chromosome

21
Q

x chromosome =

A

relationship with inheritance of sex

22
Q

y chromosome =

A

very few loci identified as controlling traits unrelated to sex of the individual

23
Q

true or false : x chromosome carries genes for many traits

A

true

24
Q

sex linkage concerned with what ?

A

inheritance of traits controlled by alleles on x chromosome
ex. color in cats

25
Q

tortoiseshell =

A

codominance of black and orange alleles

26
Q

expression of trait

A

differs for males and females

27
Q

polled vs horned sheep

A

polled is dominate in female and horned is dominant in males

genetics (5 decks)

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