Gender Specific Diagnostic Reasoning NURS 550 2024-2025 (1)

Question 1

What is a common concerning symptom in breast health?

Answer 1

Breast lump or mass

Other concerning symptoms include breast pain or discomfort and nipple discharge.

Question 2

What is the recommended initiation age for mammogram screening?

Answer 2

Offer starting age 40; initiate no later than age 50

Recommended age for screening is 40-74.

Question 3

What is the mammogram screening interval for women aged 40-54?

Answer 3

Annual

Women aged 55 and older may opt for biennial screening.

Question 4

At what age should mammogram screening typically stop?

Answer 4

Age 75 or based on health status and patient preference

Current evidence is insufficient to examine the balance of benefits vs. harms of continuing screening beyond age 75.

Question 5

What is the OLDCARTS approach used for?

Answer 5

To guide diagnosis by considering a patient’s symptoms in detail

OLDCARTS stands for Onset, Location, Duration, Characteristics, Aggravating factors, Relieving factors, Timing, and Severity.

Question 6

What characteristics are considered during the objective physical exam of a breast lump?

Answer 6

• Shape
• Consistency
• Delineation
• Mobility
• Signs of retraction

Question 7

What is a likely diagnosis for a 24-year-old female with pelvic pain, malodorous discharge, and fever?

Answer 7

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Differential diagnoses might include endometriosis and ectopic pregnancy.

Question 8

What should be included in the assessment of menstrual irregularities?

Answer 8

• Age at menarche
• Date of last menstrual period
• Menstrual patterns
• Recent infections or trauma
• Birth control practices

Question 9

What is the significance of HCG in the assessment of amenorrhea?

Answer 9

To confirm or rule out pregnancy

HCG stands for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.

Question 10

What does the term ‘Gravidity’ refer to in OB/GYN history documentation?

Answer 10

Total number of pregnancies

This includes live, deceased, spontaneous, and elective abortions.

Question 11

What does the abbreviation ‘TPAL’ stand for?

Answer 11

• T - Term deliveries
• P - Preterm deliveries
• A - Abortions
• L - Living children

Question 12

What is the purpose of Leopold’s Maneuvers?

Answer 12

To assess fetal position and presentation during pregnancy

This is part of the pregnancy physical exam.

Question 13

What are common causes of scrotal pain or swelling?

Answer 13

• Testicular torsion
• Hydrocele
• Varicocele
• Spermatocele
• Inguinal hernia

Question 14

What is a key symptom of Testicular Torsion?

Answer 14

Acute onset of pain

Physical exam may reveal asymmetrical scrotal swelling and an absent cremaster reflex.

Question 15

What is a typical finding when examining a hydrocele?

Answer 15

Inability to feel the testicle

Trans-illumination may be useful for diagnosis.

Question 16

What is the first step in the assessment of amenorrhea?

Answer 16

HCG test

This helps determine if pregnancy is the cause.