Gender In Latin America Flashcards
What does Baldez suggest as a stereotype of Latin American women?
That they are submissive
What does Baldez offer initially, to contradict the stereotype of LA women?
The high number of female presidents in the region, the high priority of women’s rights at multiple levels of government, that women have mobilised in protest, and that LA is a world leader in fight against domestic violence
What does Baldez cite as a problem with pushes for gender equality in LA?
Gender equality is not evenly distributed and may not last
What can be said about policies concerning violence against women?
There has been widespread criminalisation and attempts to advance from history, citing the ‘femicidio’ of ciudad Juarez as a dark moment
What can be said about abortion policy?
This change would recommend key progress but Baldez points out that so far only Mexico City and Cuba have made progress there
What can be said about the impact of gender progress on the LGBTI movement?
It’s not direct but in places like Argentina there has been somewhat of a knock-on effect
What pair ice changes occurred outside of democracy?
In authoritarian states, regimes tried to hold power by modernising and reforming marriage laws, in populist states like Venezuela, there is less optimism as few women know their own rights and progress is more rhetorical
What impact has economic change had on gender?
In what are described as “gendered shifts in the economy” the working class has declined and men have become a smaller part of the workforce, consequently, more women in the workforce lead to more demands for representation
What does Baldez say about legislatures in LA generally?
The region tends to do very well for female MPs with Cuba, Argentina, Costa Rica and Ecuador all bear the top of the table and way ahead of the US
What is Argentina’s ‘Ley de Cupos’?
The gender quota law that requires 30% of candidate slots to be for women and in the first ten names on candidate lists, there must be no more than 2:1 ratio of men to women
What does Baldez suggest is the best electoral system for effective quotas and why?
A closed-list PR system with large districts (that each have many members)
Does more women MPs mean greater success in legislatures?
A greater proportion of women does mean that women’s issues are more likely to be passed into law
What do people say about the impact of quotas on other areas of gender equality?
Sacchet and Zetterberg disagree on whether or not this has had a broader impact
What does Baldez observe in addition to the increase of presidents in the executive?
There is also an increase in women in cabinets
What does Baldez say about the possibility of executive change as just a short trend?
Women may be elected due to the perceived difference from men rather than due to desire for gender equality
