Gender Identities Flashcards

1
Q

What is normative femininity?

A

Men’s needs restricting women’s roles

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2
Q

What is hegemonic masculinity?

A

Men being dominant and powerful in private parts of life

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3
Q

What does Connell say about hegemonic masculinity?

A

Most men are socialised into it

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4
Q

What are the expectations of hegemonic masculinity?

A

Not to show emotion, financial providers and authority figs at home

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5
Q

Gender is

A

Created and reinforced

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6
Q

Who argues that children are socialised in 4 ways

A

Oakley

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7
Q

What are the 4 ways Oakley states children are socialised

A

1) manipulation
2) canalisation
3) different activities
4) verbal appellation

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8
Q

Who looks at the media in relation to gender?

A

Billington et al

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9
Q

What does Billington et al argue

A

The media presents masc. as dominant and femininity as subordinate

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10
Q

What roles do men and women have in the media?

A

Men - social, occupation

Women - objects, domestic setting

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11
Q

What do Sharpe and Wilkinson say about changing gender roles?

A

Women aspirations have changed

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12
Q

Who talks about new man and lads?

A

Connell

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13
Q

What do Burrell and Brinkworth talk about?

A

Laddettes

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14
Q

Abbott claims that men have a growing interest in fashionable and appearance and know as…

A

Metrosexual

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15
Q

What campaigns show that gender roles for females are changing

A

Run Like a Girl and Ban Bossy

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16
Q

Who says that gender roles are not changing?

A

Mac and Ghaill

17
Q

What do Mac and Ghaill say the male reaction to crisis in masc. is? (3 always)

A

Reinforcing trad. gender roles : male pride, turning frustrations into violence and sub cultures based on exaggerating masc. values

18
Q

The equal opportunities commission shows..

A

There is still a 18% pay gap and small % women hold power/high positions at work