Gender Bias

Question 1

Gender bias

Answer 1

Different treatment/representation of males and females based on stereotypes

Question 2

Universality

Answer 2

Believing some behaviours are the same for everyone, no differences in different culture

Question 3

Androcentrism

Answer 3

The view that males are the centre of culture. Theories are that are androcentric focus on males

Question 4

Alpha bias

Answer 4

Theories that exaggerate the differences between males and females/ overemphasis differences between men and women

Question 5

Beta bias

Answer 5

Theories that minimise differences between males and females/ underestimates differences between men and women

Question 6

Example of alpha bias- Freud

Answer 6

Freud’s work is alpha-biased as he exaggerated the difference by saying that women were inferior and suffered from ‘penis envy’ (when girls find out they don’t have a penis)

Question 7

Example of beta bias- biological explanation

Answer 7

An example of this is the explanation of fight-or-flight which demonstrates beta bias, as it assumes that men and women respond to stress/danger in the same way

Question 8

Example of androcentrism- Asch’s research

Answer 8

Asch’s research into conformity was conducted on an entirely male sample, as he assumed the findings would be similar for both male and females