Gender And Culture Bias Flashcards
What is alpha bias
Exaggerating differences between genders
This may heighten the value of women or devalue women in relation to men
What is beta bias
Ignoring or minimising gender differences and assuming that what is true for one gender is true for everyone
What is androcentrism
Category based on male behaviour but applied to females therefore is biased
What are the implications of gender bias
Creates misleading assumptions about behaviour and doesn’t challenge negative stereotypes
Normal female behaviour may be seen as abnormal
Sexism in research
Psychological research is dominated by men as they have the less role and places females at a disadvantage
They are labelled as weak or abnormal
What is cultural bias
The tendency to judge all people in terms of your own cultural assumptions
-differences in behaviour could be seen as abnormal or inferior
What is cultural relativism
Behaviour can’t be judged properly unless it is viewed in the context in which it originates
What is ethnocentrism
The believe that an individuals own group/ culture is central and superior to
Normally western
What is imposed etic
A theory developed in one culture and used to study the behaviour of people in another culture
What is emic
Aiming to understand a behaviour within a specific approach to explain cultural behaviour
AO3 Takano (1999)
Differences are limited
14/15 studies found that there is no evidence of differences between individualist and collectivist cultures
Research assumes that cross-cultural comparisons are…
…becoming less common, giving rise to cultural psychology
AO3 Gould (1982) culture bias
Culture bias can lead to ethnic stereotyping
The first IQ tests piloted with army recruits were ethnocentric towards US norms
This lead to non-US recruits being labelled as mentally unfit
