Gender and achievement (external factors) Flashcards
What are the external factors of female achievement?
Impact of feminism
Changes in women’s employment
Changing ambitions of girls
Changes in the family
What did Angela mcrobbie find when studying impact of feminism
girls magazines changing from ‘not wanting to be left on the shelf’ to images of independent women.
What are the statistics of women’s employment
1970 equal pay act.
since 1975 the pay gap decreased from 30% to 15%.
Proportion of women in employment has raised from 53% in 1971 to 67% in 2013.
Women are now breaking through the ‘glass ceiling’ of getting high paid jobs.
What does Sue Sharpe say on the changing ambitions of girls
interviews from 1970 and 1990 emphasises a major shift in the way girls see their future
What did carol fuller find in her study of changing ambitions of girls
Educational success was a central aspect of their identities
Changes in the family key facts
Since the 1970’s there has been:
an increase in divorce rate
increase in cohabitation
increase In lone parent families
smaller families
What are the factors which affects boys achievements
Decline in male traditional jobs
Feminisation of education
Boys literacy
Laddish subcultures
What does mitosis and brown say on the decline of male traditional roles
That it has led to a decline of male employment opportunities has led to an identity crisis for men this leading to a lack of self esteem and motivation causing them to lack qualifications.
What does Tony Sewell say on the feminisation of education
That it has became feminised as it favours female qualities such as leadership and competitiveness he Also sees coursework as feminine too.
Men make up 14% of primary teachers however becky Francis found 2/3 7-8 yr olds didn’t care.
What did the GCSE (2007) find about the results and the literacy and gender gap
That the literacy gap and language skills of boys being poor a reason for this is that parents spend less time reading with boys due to it being seen as a feminine activity.
What is a laddish subcultures
Debby Epstein found working class are likely to be bullied subjective to homophobic verbal abuse if they are seen to be ‘swots’.
What does becky Francis say on laddish subcultures
He believed that the laddish subcultures is becoming more widespread. She argues that because girls are increasingly into male careers boys respond by becoming increasingly laddish in their efforts to make sure they are not feminine.
