Gender, age, ethnicity Flashcards
What are the 4 four broad categories that can influence an individual’s health?
- Biological factors e.g. gender, ethnicity.
- Personal lifestyle e.g. exercise, diet.
- The physical and social environment e.g. air pollution.
- Health services.
What did the Black Report 1980 confirm?
Why do women tend to suffer more illness than men?
- Biological, women’s role in reproduction can cause ill health.
- Ageing, women live longer and so are more prone to old age associated ill health.
- Material, women are still seen as ‘carers’, these commitments have implications for paid employment.
What are the 4 main reasons for why men have higher mortality rates than women?
A
- Employment, men are more likely to have a high risk occupation.
- Risk taking behaviour.
- Men tend to smoke more than women.
- Men drink significantly more alcohol than women.
What is the disengagement theory?
The theory of the third age describes an era after retirement with health, vigour and a positive attitude.
Describe the association between social class and life expectancy.
The higher the socio-economic classification the higher the life expectancy at birth.
Describe the association between mortality and unemployment.
Mortality is greater in the unemployed.
What are the difficulties with the conceptualisation of ethnicity in health research?
- It is influenced by historical, social and political context.
- Notions of ethnicity can become fixed and lead to erroneous stereotyping.
- Experience of racism is strongly associated with poor health.
role of ‘masculinity ‘ in health
- construction of normative ideas about masculinity have health implication
- differing risk behaviors
-reluctance to seek help when ill - employment conditions more likely to be ill
’ female malady’
19th century, represenation of madness has a more domesticated and feminine form
