Gender

Question 1

Income and wealth

Answer 1

1.22% of women, compared to 14% of men, have a persistent low income (Oxfam 2008). The income of retired women is less than 40% of that of retired men (Oxfam 2008)
2.It is estimated that for each year a mother is absent from the workplace, her future wages will reduce by 5%
3.Women are more than 50% of the world’s population but own only 1% of the world’s wealth (United Nations 2014).

Question 2

Social mobility

Answer 2

1.The 2014 Global Gender Gap Report ranked countries according to how well they divide resources and opportunities among male and females. Britain was in 26th place
2.Savage (2011) studied social mobility in the 2000s and found men were 40% more likely to climb the career ladder than women
3.The rates of part-time employment for Chinese and Indian men have doubled in the last ten years.

Question 3

Work and employment

Answer 3

1.More men tend to work in the professional occupations, which are associated with higher levels of pay, than women.
2.Women make up 20.4% of directors and just 11.1% of UK bank CEOs are women
3.Up to 30,000 women are sacked each year simply for being pregnant (even though this is illegal) and each year an estimated 440,000 women lose out on pay or promotion as a result of pregnancy

Question 4

Poverty

Answer 4

1.According to a survey of more than 10,000 adults, 25% women will be living below the poverty line when they retire, compared to 12% men (Prudential 2011).
2.Chant (2011) argues that women are prone to experience ‘time poverty’ as a result of the multiple areas of work that they are engaged with, many of which are unpaid or underpaid.
3.Women frequently go without food, clothing and warmth in order to protect their children