Gender Flashcards
What are the goals of gender affirming hormone therapy?
Modify the secondary sex characteristics of the body
What is the MOA of GnRH analogues?
Suppress gonadotropin releasing hormone
Route of GnRH analogies
Injectable
Implant
Side effects of GnRH analogies
Prevents natural gonadal development/fertility while in use
What drugs is a GnRH analogies?
Lupron
Goals of trans-masculine hormone therapy
Muscular development
Fat redistribution
Deepening of voice
Body and facial hair growth
Areas not affected in trans-masculine hormone therapy
Existing breast tissues
Physical size/bone structure
Side effects of trans-masculine hormone therapy
Fertility suppression
Mood changes
MOA of testosterone
Synthetic testosterone replacement
Testosterone routes of administration
Topical
Injectable
Transdermal
Side effects of testosterone
Increases risk of heart disease and diabetes to that of cis men
Increases red blood cell counts
Birth defects
Liver damage
Hair loss
MOA of finasteride
Blocks production of DHT responsible for terminal hair loss
Finasteride route of administration
Oral
Side effects of finasteride
Decrease prostate-specific antigen
Effect on sexual function
What medications are progestin contraceptions?
Norethindrone
Medroxyprogesterone
MOA of progestin contraception
Synthetic progestin compounds use negative feedback to halt ovulation cycle
Patient education for progestin contraception
Must be taken at the same time each day, otherwise spotting can occur
Cycle cessation can take 2-3 months
Testosterone alone can’t prevent pregnancy
Permanent changes induced by testosterone
Bigger clitoris
Deeper voice
Gradual growth of mustache and beard
Hair loss at temples and crown of head
Thick, coarse hair on abdomen, arms, back, chest, and legs
Not permanent changes induced by testosterone
Acne
Menstrual stopping
More abdominal fat - changing from pear to apple shape
More muscle mass and strength
More sex drive
Vaginal dryness
Goals of trans-feminine hormone therapy
Breast development
Fat redistribution
Skin and hair changes
Mood changes
Decrease/cessation of hair loss
Side effects of trans-feminine hormone therapy
Change/decrease in libido or sexual function
Fertility suppression
Areas not effected by trans-feminine hormone therapy
Voice
Facial hair follicles
Physical size/bone structure
MOA of estrogen
Synthetic estrogen replacement
Estrogen routes of administration
Oral or sublingual
Transdermal
SQ or IM
Side effects of estrogen
Liver damage
Increased risk of breast cancer to that of cis women
Increased risk of VTE
Permanent changes induced by estrogen
Breast development
Non permanent changes induced by estrogen
Slow in growth/changes in body hair
Less fat on abdomen and more on buttocks - apple shape to pear shape
Male pattern baldness cessation
Softer skin
Loss of strength/muscle mass and tone
Fertility suppression
Decrease or change in libido
Changes in mood
MOA of spironolactone
Aldosterone antagonist
Has anti-androgenic effects at higher doses
Spironolactone routeofadministration
Oral
Side effects of spironolactone
Dehydration
Frequent urination
Gynecomastia
Reduction in male fertility
Possible serum electrolyte imbalances - low sodium high potassium
Bicalutamide MOA
Testosterone blocker
Medication binds to testosterone tissue receptors
Bicalutamide routes of administration
Oral
Side effects of bicalutamide
Liver toxicity
Reduction in fertility and erectile ability
Which medications are progesterone?
Micronized progesterone
Medroxyprogesterone
MOA of progesterone
Synthetic progesterone replacement for libido or breast development
Progesterone routes of administration
Oral
Topical
