Gender Flashcards
What is being cisgender?
When sex is congruent with gender identity (ex: biological female identifies as female)
What is the difference between polarity and duality and give some examples?
Polarity: Separation, opposing ideas (black or white)
Duality: Integrating two ideas (grey)
Examples: veteran at a war protest, feminist wearing hijab…
What is gender role? (hint: coincides with gender typing)
Attitudes & behaviours considered appropriate for people of a particular sex
What is gender typing and give some examples?
Process by which children acquire behaviour that is deemed appropriate to their sex
Examples: crossing legs, playing with dolls, playing with cars…
What is the difference between sex and gender?
Sex: Biological component (genitalia)
Gender: Psychological state of being male, female, or some other shade of the two (duality)
What is assigned sex?
Classification of anatomic sex assigned to an individual at birth (male, female, or intersex – when gonads do not match external genitalia)
What are gender non-conforming children and what atrocity did they undergo?
A child who’s gender does not match sex
They used to undergo conversion therapies (forced to be cis)
At what age is a child aware of their assigned sex and at what age do they acquire a firm sense of gender identity?
Awareness: 18 months
Firm sense of gender identity: 36 months (3 years old)
What happens during the first 6 weeks of pregnancy? (hint: develop along which line)
The embryonic structures of both sexes develop along the female line
SO, during the first 6 weeks, the zygote is female
What is gender binary and why is this an issue?
Social system that defines gender as either strictly male of female.
It is an issue because it does not accurately reflect the diverse range of gender identities that actually exist.
What happens at week 7 of the pregnancy? (hint: whole process – for males and females_
The sex chromosome asserts itself
XY: develop testes (start to produce testosterone – type of androgen)
- presence of testosterone causes development of external male sex organs (penis, scrotum)
- testosterone floods the brain, which causes it to be insensitive to estrogen (hypothalamus becomes insensitive)
XX: testes do not develop; ovaries form (estrogen is released)
- it is in the absence of testosterone that internal & external female genitalia is formed
What happens during MTF surgery (2) and why is it more successful?
- Penis & testicles are removed
- Penis tissue is transferred to artificial vagina
More successful: less risks, because tissue is transferred; nothing is formed (unlike artificial penis)
What is Turner Syndrome, what are its signs (6), what is the risk?
Chromosomal abnormality (X - Abnormal -- Biological female) - missing an X chromosome
Signs:
- Swollen hands & feet at birth
- Short neck
- Very small height
- Stand with palms out
- Do not hit puberty
- Don’t have a normal development of secondary sex characteristics
Risk: increased risk of learning disabilities, BUT not born with cognitive disabilities
What is sex-reassignment surgery and what are the two kinds?
Surgery aimed at possessing anatomic features of people of the opposite sex & living as a person of the other gender
Two kinds: MTF male to female) & FTM (female to male)
What is Klinefelter Syndrome, what are its signs (5), what is the risk?
Chromosomal abnormality (XXY - Abnormal -- Biological male) - an extra X chromosome
Signs:
- Quieter than average
- Delayed in their motor development (late to sit or to walk)
- Weaker than average
- Develop breast tissue
- Penis is abnormally small (micropenis)
Risk: cognitive delays (affects them intellectually – hormonal imbalance)