GenChem Flashcards
Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
dalton’s billiard ball model (1803)
atom is made up of negative electrons that float in a sphere of positive charge
thomson’s plum pudding model (1904)
discovered the nucleus of a gold atom with gold foil experiment
rutherford’s nuclear model (1911)
cathode ray experiment (electron discovery)
jj thomson (1897)
nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons at different enegy levels
bohr’s planetary model (1913)
the ability of the atom to donate electrons.
metallic property
the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion.
ionization energy
the change in energy when an electron is accepted by a gaseous atom to form an anion
electron affinity
defined as the relative ability of an atom of an element to attract or gain electrons
electronegativity
the orbitals of an atom must be filled up in increasing energy levels
Aufbau principle
no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers and an atomic orbital must contain a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.
Pauli’s exclusion principle
the most stable arrangement of electrons in subshells is the one with more parallel spins
Hund’s rule
the average distance of the electron from the nucleus in a particular orbital.
Principal quantum numbers
it tells the shape of the orbital.
azimuthal or angular momentum qn
it describes the orientation of orbital.
magnetic quantum number
