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General Chemistry (College Level) > Gen Chem up to 1st Midterm > Flashcards

Gen Chem up to 1st Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Chemistry?

A

The study of matter, its properties, and any changes that matter may undergo.

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2
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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3
Q

Define the word Property

A

Any distinct characteristic of a particular type of matter.

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4
Q

What is an atom?

A

One single unit of an element

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5
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A group of 2 or more bonded atoms made of the same element.

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6
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance made of 2 or more different elements that are bonded together.

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7
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A combination of substances where neither substance changes the property of the other.

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8
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

A mixture in which the substances are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

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9
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

A mixture in which the substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

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10
Q

What are some examples of physical properties?

A

Color, mass, volume, density, and melting points.

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11
Q

What does the term physical Property mean?

A

Matter that can be observed without changing the identity and composition of the substance.

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12
Q

What are some examples of chemical properties?

A

Oxidation, flammability, combustibility, and radioactivity.

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13
Q

What does the term chemical property mean?

A

It describes the way a substance may change or react to other/different substances.

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14
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A change in a state if matter.

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15
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A chemical reaction that ends in the substance either being atomically altered or becoming an entirely new substance.

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16
Q

What does it mean to separate matter by sorting?

A

It means to separate solids + solids

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17
Q

What does it mean to separate matter by filtration?

A

It means to separate liquids + solids.

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18
Q

What does it mean to separate matter by distillation?

A

It means to separate Gas + liquids or Gas + solids.

19
Q

What does it mean to separate by chromatography?

A

It means to separate many types of liquids + gases

20
Q

What is the equation for the result “work”?

A

Force x Distance = Work

21
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to work, or transfer heat.

22
Q

What is work?

A

The energy transferred when a force is placed on an object that causes it to move.

23
Q

What is heat?

A

The energy used to cause the temperature of a object to increase.

24
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy of motion.

25
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Ek = 1/2mv squared

26
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Energy that is stored within objects.

27
Q

What is electrostatic potential energy?

A

Energy that arises from interactions between charged particles (ions).

28
Q

What is length?

A

The distance between 2 points.

29
Q

What is mass?

A

The measure of the amount of material in an object.

30
Q

What is temperature?

A

A measure of the hotness or coldness of an object or the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter.

31
Q

What degree of celsius is 0 degrees kelvin?

A

-273.15 degrees celsius

32
Q

What is the equation for turning celsius to kelvin?

A

celsius + 273.15

33
Q

What does it mean when something has been derived from SI units?

A

It means that the result or unit was obtained by multiplication or division of the 7 base units from SI.

34
Q

What is volume?

A

The amount of space an object occupies.

35
Q

What is density?

A

The amount of mass contained within a unit of volume.

36
Q

What units are energy, work, and heat always measured in?

A

Joules and Kilocalories

37
Q

How many calories are in one Kilocalorie?

A

1,000 calories

38
Q

How many Kilojoules are in one Kilocalorie?

A

4.184 Kilojoules

39
Q

What is an exact number?

A

Numbers that are derived from conepts.

40
Q

What is an inexact number?

A

Numbers that are derived from measurements.

41
Q

What is precision?

A

A measure of how closely individual measurements agree with one another.

42
Q

What is accuracy?

A

How close a measurement is to the true value.

43
Q

What are significant figures?

A

All digits of a measured value.

44
Q

What are significant figures symbolized as on calculators and other scientific instruments?

A

+/-

General Chemistry (College Level) (1 decks)

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